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  3. 14KI + 13Ca(ClO4)2 + 26H^+ → 14KClO4 + 14HIO3 + 6Cl2↑ + 13Ca^2+ + 6H2O

14KI + 13Ca(ClO4)2 + 26H+ → 14KClO4 + 14HIO3 + 6Cl2↑ + 13Ca2+ + 6H2O

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Reaction of potassium iodide and calcium perchlorate under acidic condition
14KIPotassium iodide + 13Ca(ClO4)2Calcium perchlorate + 26H+Hydrogen ion
⟶
14KClO4Potassium perchlorate + 14HIO3Iodic acid + 6Cl2↑Chlorine + 13Ca2+Calcium ion + 6H2OWater

The reaction of potassium iodide, calcium perchlorate, and hydrogen ion yields potassium perchlorate, iodic acid, chlorine, calcium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of potassium iodide and calcium perchlorate under acidic condition
14KIPotassium iodide + 13Ca(ClO4)2Calcium perchlorate + 26H+Hydrogen ion
⟶
14KClO4Potassium perchlorate + 14HIO3Iodic acid + 6Cl2↑Chlorine + 13Ca2+Calcium ion + 6H2OWater

General equation

Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent
⟶
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of potassium iodide and calcium perchlorate under acidic condition

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
KIPotassium iodide14
Reducing
Oxidizable
Ca(ClO4)2Calcium perchlorate13
Oxidizing
Oxidizing under acidic condition
H+Hydrogen ion26
–
Hydrogen ion

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
KClO4Potassium perchlorate14
–
–
HIO3Iodic acid14
Oxidized
–
Cl2Chlorine6
Reduced
–
Ca2+Calcium ion13
–
–
H2OWater6
–
Water

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Reaction of potassium iodide and calcium perchlorate under acidic condition
◆
ΔrG−2454.8 kJ/mol
K1.15 × 10430
pK−430.06
14KIIonized aqueous solution + 13Ca(ClO4)2Ionized aqueous solution + 26H+Un-ionized aqueous solution
⟶
14KClO4Ionized aqueous solution + 14HIO3Un-ionized aqueous solution + 6Cl2↑Gas + 13Ca2+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 6H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−2348.6−2454.8352.3–
per 1 mol of
−167.76−175.3425.16–
−180.66−188.8327.10–
per 1 mol of
Hydrogen ion
−90.331−94.41513.55–
−167.76−175.3425.16–
per 1 mol of
−167.76−175.3425.16–
per 1 mol of
−391.43−409.1358.72–
per 1 mol of
Calcium ion
−180.66−188.8327.10–
per 1 mol of
−391.43−409.1358.72–

Changes in standard condition (2)

Reaction of potassium iodide and calcium perchlorate under acidic condition
◆
ΔrG−2413.2 kJ/mol
K5.95 × 10422
pK−422.77
14KIIonized aqueous solution + 13Ca(ClO4)2Ionized aqueous solution + 26H+Un-ionized aqueous solution
⟶
14KClO4Ionized aqueous solution + 14HIO3Un-ionized aqueous solution + 6Cl2↑Un-ionized aqueous solution + 13Ca2+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 6H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−2489.0−2413.2−260–
per 1 mol of
−177.79−172.37−18.6–
−191.46−185.63−20.0–
per 1 mol of
Hydrogen ion
−95.731−92.815−10.0–
−177.79−172.37−18.6–
per 1 mol of
−177.79−172.37−18.6–
per 1 mol of
−414.83−402.20−43.3–
per 1 mol of
Calcium ion
−191.46−185.63−20.0–
per 1 mol of
−414.83−402.20−43.3–

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
KI (cr)-327.900[1]-324.892[1]106.32[1]52.93[1]
KI (g)-125.5[1]-166.1[1]258.3[1]37.11[1]
KI (ai)-307.57[1]-334.85[1]213.8[1]-120.5[1]
Ca(ClO4)2 (cr)-736.76[1]–––
Ca(ClO4)2 (ai)-801.49[1]-570.62[1]310.9[1]–
Ca(ClO4)2 (cr)
4 hydrate
-1948.9[1]-1476.47[1]433.5[1]–
H+ (g)1536.202[1]–––
H+ (ao)0[1]0[1]0[1]0[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
KClO4 (cr)-432.75[1]-303.09[1]151.0[1]112.38[1]
KClO4 (ai)-381.71[1]-291.79[1]284.5[1]–
HIO3 (cr)-230.1[1]–––
HIO3 (ao)-211.3[1]-132.6[1]166.9[1]–
Cl2 (g)0[1]0[1]223.066[1]33.907[1]
Cl2 (ao)-23.4[1]6.94[1]121[1]–
Ca2+ (g)1925.90[1]–––
Ca2+ (ao)-542.83[1]-553.58[1]-53.1[1]–
H2O (cr)––––
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (l):Liquid

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)