Ca(ClO4)2 + Na2CO3 💧→ CaCO3↓ + 2NaClO4
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The reaction of calcium perchlorate and sodium carbonate yields calcium carbonate and sodium perchlorate. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of calcium perchlorate and sodium carbonate
General equation
- Precipitation reaction
- Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterLewis acid + Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterLewis base💧⟶ Insoluble in water/Very slightly soluble in water/Slightly soluble in waterLewis conjugate + Product(Non-redox product)
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of calcium perchlorate and sodium carbonate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ca(ClO4)2 | Calcium perchlorate | 1 | Lewis acid | Very soluble in water |
| Na2CO3 | Sodium carbonate | 1 | Lewis base | Soluble in water |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CaCO3 | Calcium carbonate | 1 | Lewis conjugate | Insoluble in water |
| NaClO4 | Sodium perchlorate | 2 | Non-redox product | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of calcium perchlorate and sodium carbonate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −106.29 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −106.29 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −106.29 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −106.29 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −53.145 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of calcium perchlorate and sodium carbonate◆
ΔrG −46.31 kJ/mol K 1.30 × 108 pK −8.11
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 12.84 | −46.31 | 198.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 12.84 | −46.31 | 198.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 12.84 | −46.31 | 198.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 12.84 | −46.31 | 198.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | 6.420 | −23.16 | 99.35 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ca(ClO4)2 (cr) | -736.76[1] | – | – | – |
| Ca(ClO4)2 (ai) | -801.49[1] | -570.62[1] | 310.9[1] | – |
| Ca(ClO4)2 (cr) 4 hydrate | -1948.9[1] | -1476.47[1] | 433.5[1] | – |
| Na2CO3 (cr) | -1130.68[1] | -1044.44[1] | 134.98[1] | 112.30[1] |
| Na2CO3 (ai) | -1157.38[1] | -1051.64[1] | 61.1[1] | – |
| Na2CO3 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1431.26[1] | -1285.31[1] | 168.11[1] | 145.60[1] |
| Na2CO3 (cr) 7 hydrate | -3199.96[1] | -2714.2[1] | 422.2[1] | – |
| Na2CO3 (cr) 10 hydrate | -4081.32[1] | -3427.66[1] | 562.7[1] | 550.32[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CaCO3 (cr) | -1207.13[1] | -1127.75[1] | 88.7[1] | 81.25[1] |
| CaCO3 (ai) | -1219.97[1] | -1081.39[1] | -110.0[1] | – |
| NaClO4 (cr) | -383.30[1] | -254.85[1] | 142.3[1] | – |
| NaClO4 (ai) | -369.45[1] | -270.41[1] | 241.0[1] | – |
| NaClO4 (cr) 1 hydrate | -677.77[1] | -494.29[1] | 190.8[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -736.76 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -801.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -570.62 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 310.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1948.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1476.47 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 433.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1130.68 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1044.44 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 134.98 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 112.30 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1157.38 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1051.64 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 61.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1431.26 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1285.31 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 168.11 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 145.60 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3199.96 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2714.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 422.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -4081.32 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -3427.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 562.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 550.32 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1207.13 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1127.75 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 88.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 81.25 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1219.97 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1081.39 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -110.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -383.30 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -254.85 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 142.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -369.45 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -270.41 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 241.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -677.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -494.29 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 190.8 J · K−1 · mol−1