C + NiO 🔥→ Ni + CO↑
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- Reaction of and nickel(II) oxide
The reaction of and nickel(II) oxide yields and carbon monoxide (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and nickel(II) oxide
General equation
- Reaction of reducing species and reducible species
- Reducing speciesReducing agent + Reducible speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
- Reducing agent + OxideOxidizing agent🔥⟶ Elementary substance/OxideReduction product + Oxidation product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and nickel(II) oxide
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Reducing | Reducing Reducing nonmetal | ||
| NiO | Nickel(II) oxide | 1 | Oxidizing | Reducible Oxide |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Reduced | – Elementary substance | ||
| CO | Carbon monoxide | 1 | Oxidized | – Oxide |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of and nickel(II) oxide◆
ΔrG 74.5 kJ/mol K 0.89 × 10−13 pK 13.05
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 129.2 | 74.5 | 183.81 | 2.38 |
| 129.2 | 74.5 | 183.81 | 2.38 | |
per 1 mol of | 129.2 | 74.5 | 183.81 | 2.38 |
| 129.2 | 74.5 | 183.81 | 2.38 | |
per 1 mol of | 129.2 | 74.5 | 183.81 | 2.38 |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of and nickel(II) oxide◆
ΔrG 71.6 kJ/mol K 0.29 × 10−12 pK 12.54
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 127.3 | 71.6 | 187.18 | 4.79 |
| 127.3 | 71.6 | 187.18 | 4.79 | |
per 1 mol of | 127.3 | 71.6 | 187.18 | 4.79 |
| 127.3 | 71.6 | 187.18 | 4.79 | |
per 1 mol of | 127.3 | 71.6 | 187.18 | 4.79 |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of and nickel(II) oxide◆
ΔrG 74.5 kJ/mol K 0.89 × 10−13 pK 13.05
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 129.2 | 74.5 | 183.81 | 2.38 |
| 129.2 | 74.5 | 183.81 | 2.38 | |
per 1 mol of | 129.2 | 74.5 | 183.81 | 2.38 |
| 129.2 | 74.5 | 183.81 | 2.38 | |
per 1 mol of | 129.2 | 74.5 | 183.81 | 2.38 |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of and nickel(II) oxide◆
ΔrG 91.8 kJ/mol K 0.83 × 10−16 pK 16.08
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 118.7 | 91.8 | 90.7 | – |
| 118.7 | 91.8 | 90.7 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 118.7 | 91.8 | 90.7 | – |
| 118.7 | 91.8 | 90.7 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 118.7 | 91.8 | 90.7 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) graphite | 0[1] | 0[1] | 5.740[1] | 8.527[1] |
| (cr) diamond | 1.895[1] | 2.900[1] | 2.377[1] | 6.113[1] |
| (g) | 716.682[1] | 671.257[1] | 158.096[1] | 20.838[1] |
| NiO (cr) | -239.7[1] | -211.7[1] | 37.99[1] | 44.31[1] |
| NiO (g) | 314[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 29.87[1] | 26.07[1] |
| (g) | 429.7[1] | 384.5[1] | 182.193[1] | 23.359[1] |
| CO (g) | -110.525[1] | -137.168[1] | 197.674[1] | 29.142[1] |
| CO (ao) | -120.96[1] | -119.90[1] | 104.6[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 5.740 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 8.527 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1.895 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 2.900 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 2.377 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 6.113 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 716.682 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 671.257 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 158.096 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.838 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -239.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -211.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 37.99 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 44.31 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 314. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 29.87 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 26.07 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 429.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 384.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 182.193 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 23.359 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -110.525 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -137.168 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 197.674 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.142 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -120.96 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -119.90 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 104.6 J · K−1 · mol−1