Cl2 + H2CO3 🔥→ HClO + HCl + CO2
Last updated:
- Reaction of and carbonic acid
The reaction of and carbonic acid yields hypochlorous acid, hydrogen chloride, and carbon dioxide (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and carbonic acid
General equation
- Reaction of self redoxing species and acid
- Self-redoxing speciesSelf redox agent + AcidNon-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and carbonic acid
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | – | Self redoxing | ||
| H2CO3 | Carbonic acid | 1 | – | Acid |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HClO | Hypochlorous acid | 1 | Oxidized | – |
| HCl | Hydrogen chloride | 1 | Reduced | – |
| CO2 | Carbon dioxide | 1 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of and carbonic acid◆
ΔrG 46.6 kJ/mol K 0.69 × 10−8 pK 8.16
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 116.3 | 46.6 | 234 | – |
| 116.3 | 46.6 | 234 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 116.3 | 46.6 | 234 | – |
per 1 mol of | 116.3 | 46.6 | 234 | – |
per 1 mol of | 116.3 | 46.6 | 234 | – |
per 1 mol of | 116.3 | 46.6 | 234 | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of and carbonic acid◆
ΔrG 55.0 kJ/mol K 0.23 × 10−9 pK 9.64
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 96.0 | 55.0 | 138 | – |
| 96.0 | 55.0 | 138 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 96.0 | 55.0 | 138 | – |
per 1 mol of | 96.0 | 55.0 | 138 | – |
per 1 mol of | 96.0 | 55.0 | 138 | – |
per 1 mol of | 96.0 | 55.0 | 138 | – |
Changes in standard condition (3)
- Reaction of and carbonic acid◆
ΔrG 10.7 kJ/mol K 0.13 × 10−1 pK 1.87
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 41.5 | 10.7 | 104 | – |
| 41.5 | 10.7 | 104 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 41.5 | 10.7 | 104 | – |
per 1 mol of | 41.5 | 10.7 | 104 | – |
per 1 mol of | 41.5 | 10.7 | 104 | – |
per 1 mol of | 41.5 | 10.7 | 104 | – |
Changes in standard condition (4)
- Reaction of and carbonic acid◆
ΔrG 19.0 kJ/mol K 0.47 × 10−3 pK 3.33
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 21.2 | 19.0 | 8 | – |
| 21.2 | 19.0 | 8 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 21.2 | 19.0 | 8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 21.2 | 19.0 | 8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 21.2 | 19.0 | 8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 21.2 | 19.0 | 8 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (g) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 223.066[1] | 33.907[1] |
| (ao) | -23.4[1] | 6.94[1] | 121[1] | – |
| H2CO3 (ao) | -699.65[1] | -623.08[1] | 187.4[1] | – |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HClO (g) | -78.7[1] | -66.1[1] | 236.67[1] | 37.15[1] |
| HClO (ao) | -120.9[1] | -79.9[1] | 142[1] | – |
| HCl (g) | -92.307[1] | -95.299[1] | 186.908[1] | 29.12[1] |
| HCl (ai) | -167.159[1] | -131.228[1] | 56.5[1] | -136.4[1] |
| CO2 (g) | -393.509[1] | -394.359[1] | 213.74[1] | 37.11[1] |
| CO2 (ao) | -413.80[1] | -385.98[1] | 117.6[1] | – |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 223.066 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.907 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -23.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 6.94 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 121. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -699.65 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -623.08 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 187.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -78.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -66.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 236.67 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 37.15 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -120.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -79.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 142. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -92.307 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -95.299 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 186.908 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -167.159 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -131.228 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 56.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -136.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -393.509 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -394.359 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 213.74 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 37.11 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -413.80 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -385.98 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 117.6 J · K−1 · mol−1