Au3+ + 4Cl− + H+ → H[AuCl4]
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- Reaction of gold(III) ion and chloride ion under acidic condition
The reaction of gold(III) ion, chloride ion, and hydrogen ion yields tetrachloridoauric(III) acid. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of gold(III) ion and chloride ion under acidic condition
General equation
- Reaction of cation and anion under acidic condition
- CationLewis acid + AnionLewis base + H+Lewis acid ⟶ ProductLewis conjugate
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of gold(III) ion and chloride ion under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Au3+ | Gold(III) ion | 1 | Lewis acid | Cation |
| Cl− | Chloride ion | 4 | Lewis base | Anion |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 1 | Lewis acid | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H[AuCl4] | Tetrachloridoauric(III) acid | 1 | Lewis conjugate | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Au3+ | – | – | – | – |
| Cl− (g) | -233.13[1] | – | – | – |
| Cl− (ao) | -167.159[1] | -131.228[1] | 56.5[1] | -136.4[1] |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H[AuCl4] | – | – | – | – |
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)