PbCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Pb(OH)2
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The reaction of lead(II) chloride and sodium hydroxide yields sodium chloride and lead(II) hydroxide. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of lead(II) chloride and sodium hydroxide
General equation
- Reaction of salt of weak base and strong base
- Salt of weak baseBrønsted acid + Strong baseBrønsted base ⟶ Salt of strong baseConjugate acid + Weak baseConjugate base + (H2O)
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of lead(II) chloride and sodium hydroxide
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PbCl2 | Lead(II) chloride | 1 | Brønsted acid | Salt of weak base |
| NaOH | Sodium hydroxide | 2 | Brønsted base | Strong base |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl | Sodium chloride | 2 | Conjugate acid | Salt of strong base |
| Pb(OH)2 | Lead(II) hydroxide | 1 | Conjugate base | Weak base |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of lead(II) chloride and sodium hydroxide◆
ΔrG −147.4 kJ/mol K 6.66 × 1025 pK −25.82
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −147.4 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −147.4 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −73.70 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −73.70 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −147.4 | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of lead(II) chloride and sodium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −127.6 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −127.6 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −63.80 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −63.80 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −127.6 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of lead(II) chloride and sodium hydroxide◆
ΔrG −113.3 kJ/mol K 7.07 × 1019 pK −19.85
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −113.3 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −113.3 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −56.65 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −56.65 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −113.3 | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of lead(II) chloride and sodium hydroxide◆
ΔrG −103.0 kJ/mol K 1.11 × 1018 pK −18.04
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −103.0 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −103.0 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −51.50 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −51.50 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −103.0 | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PbCl2 (cr) | -359.41[1] | -314.10[1] | 136.0[1] | – |
| PbCl2 (ai) | -336.0[1] | -286.86[1] | 123.4[1] | – |
| PbCl2 (ao) | – | -297.16[1] | – | – |
| NaOH (cr) | -425.609[1] | -379.494[1] | 64.455[1] | 59.54[1] |
| NaOH (g) | -207.1[1] | -210.0[1] | 228.43[1] | 48.37[1] |
| NaOH (ai) | -470.114[1] | -419.150[1] | 48.1[1] | -102.1[1] |
| NaOH (cr) 1 hydrate | -734.543[1] | -629.338[1] | 99.50[1] | 90.17[1] |
| NaOH (l) 2 hydrate | -1019.076[1] | -873.091[1] | 195.979[1] | 239.41[1] |
| NaOH (l) 3.5 hydrate | -1459.798[1] | -1236.356[1] | 286.089[1] | 354.43[1] |
| NaOH (l) 4 hydrate | -1605.15[1] | -1356.64[1] | 318.70[1] | – |
| NaOH (l) 5 hydrate | -1894.31[1] | -1596.34[1] | 386.06[1] | – |
| NaOH (l) 7 hydrate | -2469.02[1] | -2073.80[1] | 526.31[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (l):Liquid
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl (cr) | -411.153[1] | -384.138[1] | 72.13[1] | 50.50[1] |
| NaCl (g) | -176.65[1] | -196.66[1] | 229.81[1] | 35.77[1] |
| NaCl (ai) | -407.27[1] | -393.133[1] | 115.5[1] | -90.0[1] |
| Pb(OH)2 (cr) | – | -452.2[1] | – | – |
| Pb(OH)2 (cr) precipitated | -515.9[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -359.41 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -314.10 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 136.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -336.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -286.86 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 123.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -297.16 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -425.609 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -379.494 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 64.455 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 59.54 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -207.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -210.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 228.43 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 48.37 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -470.114 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -419.150 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 48.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -102.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -734.543 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -629.338 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 99.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 90.17 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1019.076 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -873.091 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 195.979 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 239.41 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1459.798 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1236.356 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 286.089 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 354.43 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1605.15 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1356.64 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 318.70 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1894.31 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1596.34 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 386.06 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2469.02 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2073.80 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 526.31 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -411.153 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -384.138 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 72.13 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 50.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -176.65 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -196.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 229.81 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -407.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -393.133 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 115.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -90.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -452.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -515.9 kJ · mol−1