NiSO4 🔥→ NiS + 2O2↑
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- Decomposition of nickel(II) sulfate
Decomposition of nickel(II) sulfate yields nickel(II) sulfide and (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Decomposition of nickel(II) sulfate
General equation
- Thermal decomposition with redox
- Thermally decomposable substanceSelf redox agent🔥⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
- Thermal decomposition of oxoacid salt with redox
- Oxoacid saltSelf redox agent🔥⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Decomposition of nickel(II) sulfate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NiSO4 | Nickel(II) sulfate | 1 | Self redox agent | Thermally decomposable Oxoacid salt |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NiS | Nickel(II) sulfide | 1 | Reduced | – |
| 2 | Oxidized | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Decomposition of nickel(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 680.2 kJ/mol K 0.68 × 10−119 pK 119.17
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 790.9 | 680.2 | 371 | −32 |
per 1 mol of | 790.9 | 680.2 | 371 | −32 |
per 1 mol of | 790.9 | 680.2 | 371 | −32 |
| 395.4 | 340.1 | 186 | −16 |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Decomposition of nickel(II) sulfate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 795.5 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 795.5 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 795.5 | – | – | – |
| 397.8 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Decomposition of nickel(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 710.8 kJ/mol K 0.30 × 10−124 pK 124.53
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 881.2 | 710.8 | 572.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 881.2 | 710.8 | 572.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 881.2 | 710.8 | 572.0 | – |
| 440.6 | 355.4 | 286.0 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Decomposition of nickel(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 743.6 kJ/mol K 0.53 × 10−130 pK 130.27
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 857.8 | 743.6 | 383.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | 857.8 | 743.6 | 383.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | 857.8 | 743.6 | 383.6 | – |
| 428.9 | 371.8 | 191.8 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (3)
- Decomposition of nickel(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 723.8 kJ/mol K 0.16 × 10−126 pK 126.80
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 867.3 | 723.8 | 481.2 | – |
per 1 mol of | 867.3 | 723.8 | 481.2 | – |
per 1 mol of | 867.3 | 723.8 | 481.2 | – |
| 433.6 | 361.9 | 240.6 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (4)
- Decomposition of nickel(II) sulfate◆
ΔrG 756.6 kJ/mol K 0.28 × 10−132 pK 132.55
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 843.9 | 756.6 | 292.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 843.9 | 756.6 | 292.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 843.9 | 756.6 | 292.8 | – |
| 421.9 | 378.3 | 146.4 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NiSO4 (cr) | -872.91[1] | -759.7[1] | 92[1] | 138[1] |
| NiSO4 (ai) | -963.2[1] | -790.3[1] | -108.8[1] | – |
| NiSO4 (ao) | -949.3[1] | -803.3[1] | -18.0[1] | – |
| NiSO4 (cr) 4 hydrate | -2104.1[1] | – | – | – |
| NiSO4 (cr) 6 hydrate α, tetragonal, green | -2682.82[1] | -2224.61[1] | 334.47[1] | 327.86[1] |
| NiSO4 (cr) 6 hydrate β, monoclinic, blue | -2672.3[1] | – | – | – |
| NiSO4 (cr) 7 hydrate | -2976.33[1] | -2461.83[1] | 378.94[1] | 364.59[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NiS (cr) | -82.0[1] | -79.5[1] | 52.97[1] | 47.11[1] |
| NiS (cr) precipitated | -77.4[1] | – | – | – |
| (g) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 205.138[1] | 29.355[1] |
| (ao) | -11.7[1] | 16.4[1] | 110.9[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -872.91 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -759.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 92. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 138. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -963.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -790.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -108.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -949.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -803.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -18.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2104.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2682.82 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2224.61 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 334.47 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 327.86 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2672.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2976.33 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2461.83 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 378.94 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 364.59 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -82.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -79.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 52.97 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 47.11 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -77.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 205.138 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.355 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -11.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 16.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 110.9 J · K−1 · mol−1