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KCl + HNO3 🔥→ KNO2 + HClO

The reaction of potassium chloride and nitric acid yields potassium nitrite and hypochlorous acid (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

General equation

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species
Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
KClPotassium chloride1
Reducing
Hardly oxidizable
HNO3Nitric acid1
Oxidizing
Oxidizing

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
KNO2Potassium nitrite1
Reduced
HClOHypochlorous acid1
Oxidized

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition

Reaction of potassium chloride and nitric acid
ΔrG130.4 kJ/mol
K0.14 × 10−22
pK22.85
KClIonized aqueous solution + HNO3Ionized aqueous solution
🔥
KNO2Ionized aqueous solution + HClOUn-ionized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
149.1130.462
per 1 mol of
149.1130.462
per 1 mol of
149.1130.462
per 1 mol of
149.1130.462
per 1 mol of
149.1130.462

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
KCl (cr)-436.747[1]-409.14[1]82.59[1]51.30[1]
KCl (g)-214.14[1]-233.0[1]239.10[1]36.48[1]
KCl (ai)-419.53[1]-414.49[1]159.0[1]-114.6[1]
HNO3 (l)-174.10[1]-80.71[1]155.60[1]109.87[1]
HNO3 (g)-135.06[1]-74.72[1]266.38[1]53.35[1]
HNO3 (ai)-207.36[1]-111.25[1]146.4[1]-86.6[1]
HNO3 (l)
1 hydrate
-473.46[1]-328.77[1]216.90[1]182.46[1]
HNO3 (l)
3 hydrate
-1056.04[1]-811.09[1]346.98[1]325.14[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
KNO2 (cr)
rhombic
-369.82[1]-306.55[1]152.09[1]107.40[1]
KNO2 (ai)-356.9[1]-315.4[1]225.5[1]
HClO (g)-78.7[1]-66.1[1]236.67[1]37.15[1]
HClO (ao)-120.9[1]-79.9[1]142[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)