KI + 3NaClO4 → KClO3 + NaIO3 + 2NaClO3
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The reaction of potassium iodide and sodium perchlorate yields potassium chlorate, sodium iodate, and sodium chlorate (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of potassium iodide and sodium perchlorate
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of potassium iodide and sodium perchlorate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KI | Potassium iodide | 1 | Reducing | Oxidizable |
| NaClO4 | Sodium perchlorate | 3 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KClO3 | Potassium chlorate | 1 | Reduced | – |
| NaIO3 | Sodium iodate | 1 | Oxidized | – |
| NaClO3 | Sodium chlorate | 2 | Reduced | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of potassium iodide and sodium perchlorate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −133.27 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −133.27 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −44.423 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −133.27 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −133.27 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −66.635 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of potassium iodide and sodium perchlorate◆
ΔrG −74.7 kJ/mol K 1.22 × 1013 pK −13.09
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −90.1 | −74.7 | −52.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −90.1 | −74.7 | −52.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −30.0 | −24.9 | −17.3 | – |
per 1 mol of | −90.1 | −74.7 | −52.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −90.1 | −74.7 | −52.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −45.0 | −37.4 | −26.0 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KI (cr) | -327.900[1] | -324.892[1] | 106.32[1] | 52.93[1] |
| KI (g) | -125.5[1] | -166.1[1] | 258.3[1] | 37.11[1] |
| KI (ai) | -307.57[1] | -334.85[1] | 213.8[1] | -120.5[1] |
| NaClO4 (cr) | -383.30[1] | -254.85[1] | 142.3[1] | – |
| NaClO4 (ai) | -369.45[1] | -270.41[1] | 241.0[1] | – |
| NaClO4 (cr) 1 hydrate | -677.77[1] | -494.29[1] | 190.8[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KClO3 (cr) | -397.73[1] | -296.25[1] | 143.1[1] | 100.25[1] |
| KClO3 (ai) | -356.35[1] | -291.22[1] | 264.8[1] | – |
| NaIO3 (cr) | -481.788[1] | – | – | 92.0[1] |
| NaIO3 (ai) | -461.5[1] | -389.9[1] | 177.4[1] | – |
| NaIO3 (cr) 1 hydrate | -779.48[1] | -634.03[1] | 162.3[1] | – |
| NaIO3 (cr) 5 hydrate | -1952.25[1] | – | – | – |
| NaClO3 (cr) | -365.774[1] | -262.259[1] | 123.4[1] | – |
| NaClO3 (ai) | -344.09[1] | -269.84[1] | 221.3[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -327.900 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -324.892 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 106.32 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 52.93 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -125.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -166.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 258.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 37.11 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -307.57 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -334.85 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 213.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -120.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -383.30 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -254.85 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 142.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -369.45 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -270.41 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 241.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -677.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -494.29 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 190.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -397.73 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -296.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 143.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 100.25 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -356.35 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -291.22 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 264.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -481.788 kJ · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 92.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -461.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -389.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 177.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -779.48 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -634.03 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 162.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1952.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -365.774 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -262.259 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 123.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -344.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -269.84 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 221.3 J · K−1 · mol−1