Na2Se + 2HClO4 → 2NaClO4 + H2Se↑
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The reaction of sodium selenide and perchloric acid yields sodium perchlorate and hydrogen selenide. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of sodium selenide and perchloric acid
General equation
- Salt of weak acidBrønsted base + Strong acidBrønsted acid ⟶ Salt of strong acidConjugate base + Weak acidConjugate acid
- Salt of volatile acidBrønsted base + Nonvolatile acidBrønsted acid ⟶ Salt of non volatile acidConjugate base + Volatile acidConjugate acid
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of sodium selenide and perchloric acid
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na2Se | Sodium selenide | 1 | Brønsted base | Salt of weak acid Salt of volatile acid |
| HClO4 | Perchloric acid | 2 | Brønsted acid | Strong acid Nonvolatile acid |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaClO4 | Sodium perchlorate | 2 | Conjugate base | Salt of strong acid Salt of non volatile acid |
| H2Se | Hydrogen selenide | 1 | Conjugate acid | Weak acid Volatile acid |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of sodium selenide and perchloric acid
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −314.3 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −314.3 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −157.2 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −157.2 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −314.3 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of sodium selenide and perchloric acid◆
ΔrG −113.3 kJ/mol K 7.07 × 1019 pK −19.85
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −113.3 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −113.3 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −56.65 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −56.65 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −113.3 | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of sodium selenide and perchloric acid◆
ΔrG −107.0 kJ/mol K 5.57 × 1018 pK −18.75
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −107.0 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −107.0 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −53.50 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −53.50 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −107.0 | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na2Se (cr) | -341.4[1] | – | – | – |
| Na2Se (ai) | – | -394.6[1] | – | – |
| Na2Se (cr) 4.5 hydrate | -1741.0[1] | – | – | – |
| Na2Se (cr) 9 hydrate | -3040.1[1] | – | – | – |
| Na2Se (cr) 16 hydrate | -5091.9[1] | – | – | – |
| HClO4 (l) | -40.58[1] | – | – | – |
| HClO4 (ai) | -129.33[1] | -8.52[1] | 182.0[1] | – |
| HClO4 (cr) 1 hydrate | -382.21[1] | – | – | – |
| HClO4 (l) 2 hydrate | -677.98[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaClO4 (cr) | -383.30[1] | -254.85[1] | 142.3[1] | – |
| NaClO4 (ai) | -369.45[1] | -270.41[1] | 241.0[1] | – |
| NaClO4 (cr) 1 hydrate | -677.77[1] | -494.29[1] | 190.8[1] | – |
| H2Se (g) | 29.7[1] | 15.9[1] | 219.02[1] | 34.73[1] |
| H2Se (ao) | 19.2[1] | 22.2[1] | 163.6[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -341.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -394.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1741.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3040.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -5091.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -40.58 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -129.33 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -8.52 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 182.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -382.21 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -677.98 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -383.30 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -254.85 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 142.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -369.45 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -270.41 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 241.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -677.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -494.29 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 190.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 29.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 15.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 219.02 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 34.73 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 19.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 22.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 163.6 J · K−1 · mol−1