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20HCl + 12NaMnO4 + 16H+ → 10NaClO3 + 5MnCl2 + 7Mn2+ + 2Na+ + 18H2O

Reaction of hydrogen chloride and sodium permanganate under acidic condition
20HClHydrogen chloride + 12NaMnO4Sodium permanganate + 16H+Hydrogen ion
10NaClO3Sodium chlorate + 5MnCl2Manganese(II) chloride + 7Mn2+Manganese(II) ion + 2Na+Sodium ion + 18H2OWater

The reaction of hydrogen chloride, sodium permanganate, and hydrogen ion yields sodium chlorate, manganese(II) chloride, manganese(II) ion, sodium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of hydrogen chloride and sodium permanganate under acidic condition
20HClHydrogen chloride + 12NaMnO4Sodium permanganate + 16H+Hydrogen ion
10NaClO3Sodium chlorate + 5MnCl2Manganese(II) chloride + 7Mn2+Manganese(II) ion + 2Na+Sodium ion + 18H2OWater

General equation

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of hydrogen chloride and sodium permanganate under acidic condition

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
HClHydrogen chloride20
Reducing
Hardly oxidizable
NaMnO4Sodium permanganate12
Oxidizing
Oxidizing under acidic condition
H+Hydrogen ion16
Hydrogen ion

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
NaClO3Sodium chlorate10
Oxidized
MnCl2Manganese(II) chloride5
Reduced
Mn2+Manganese(II) ion7
Reduced
Na+Sodium ion2
H2OWater18
Water

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Reaction of hydrogen chloride and sodium permanganate under acidic condition
ΔrG−407.5 kJ/mol
K2.46 × 1071
pK−71.39
20HClIonized aqueous solution + 12NaMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 16H+Un-ionized aqueous solution
10NaClO3Ionized aqueous solution + 5MnCl2Ionized aqueous solution + 7Mn2+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2Na+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 18H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−664.2−407.5−863.7
per 1 mol of
−33.21−20.38−43.19
−55.35−33.96−71.98
per 1 mol of
Hydrogen ion
−41.51−25.47−53.98
per 1 mol of
−66.42−40.75−86.37
−132.8−81.50−172.7
per 1 mol of
Manganese(II) ion
−94.89−58.21−123.4
per 1 mol of
Sodium ion
−332.1−203.8−431.9
per 1 mol of
−36.90−22.64−47.98

Changes in standard condition (2)

Reaction of hydrogen chloride and sodium permanganate under acidic condition
ΔrG−413.5 kJ/mol
K2.77 × 1072
pK−72.44
20HClIonized aqueous solution + 12NaMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 16H+Un-ionized aqueous solution
10NaClO3Ionized aqueous solution + 5MnCl2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 7Mn2+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2Na+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 18H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−413.5
per 1 mol of
−20.68
−34.46
per 1 mol of
Hydrogen ion
−25.84
per 1 mol of
−41.35
−82.70
per 1 mol of
Manganese(II) ion
−59.07
per 1 mol of
Sodium ion
−206.8
per 1 mol of
−22.97

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
HCl (g)-92.307[1]-95.299[1]186.908[1]29.12[1]
HCl (ai)-167.159[1]-131.228[1]56.5[1]-136.4[1]
NaMnO4 (ai)-781.6[1]-709.1[1]250.2[1]
NaMnO4 (cr)
1 hydrate
-1079.14[1]
NaMnO4 (cr)
3 hydrate
-1672.85[1]
H+ (g)1536.202[1]
H+ (ao)0[1]0[1]0[1]0[1]
* (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
NaClO3 (cr)-365.774[1]-262.259[1]123.4[1]
NaClO3 (ai)-344.09[1]-269.84[1]221.3[1]
MnCl2 (cr)-481.29[1]-440.50[1]118.24[1]72.93[1]
MnCl2 (g)-263.6[1]
MnCl2 (ai)-555.05[1]-490.8[1]38.9[1]-222[1]
MnCl2 (ao)-492.0[1]
MnCl2 (cr)
1 hydrate
-789.9[1]-696.1[1]174.1[1]
MnCl2 (cr)
2 hydrate
-1092.0[1]-942.1[1]218.8[1]
MnCl2 (cr)
4 hydrate
-1687.4[1]-1423.6[1]303.3[1]
Mn2+ (g)2519.69[1]
Mn2+ (ao)-220.75[1]-228.1[1]-73.6[1]50[1]
Na+ (g)609.358[1]
Na+ (ao)-240.12[1]-261.905[1]59.0[1]46.4[1]
H2O (cr)
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)