2Cu + Ba(NO3)2 + 4H+ 🔥→ 2Cu+ + 2NO2↑ + Ba2+ + 2H2O
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- Reaction of and barium nitrate under acidic condition
- 2 + Ba(NO3)2Barium nitrate + 4H+Hydrogen ion2Cu+Copper(I) ion + 2NO2↑Nitrogen dioxide + Ba2+Barium ion + 2H2OWater🔥⟶
The reaction of , barium nitrate, and hydrogen ion yields copper(I) ion, nitrogen dioxide, barium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and barium nitrate under acidic condition
- 2 + Ba(NO3)2Barium nitrate + 4H+Hydrogen ion2Cu+Copper(I) ion + 2NO2↑Nitrogen dioxide + Ba2+Barium ion + 2H2OWater🔥⟶
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and barium nitrate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | Reducing | Oxidizable | ||
| Ba(NO3)2 | Barium nitrate | 1 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 4 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu+ | Copper(I) ion | 2 | Oxidized | – |
| NO2 | Nitrogen dioxide | 2 | Reduced | – |
| Ba2+ | Barium ion | 1 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 2 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of and barium nitrate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −49.17 kJ/mol K 4.11 × 108 pK −8.61
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 52.76 | −49.17 | 341.9 | – |
| 26.38 | −24.59 | 170.9 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 52.76 | −49.17 | 341.9 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 13.19 | −12.29 | 85.47 | – |
per 1 mol of Copper(I) ion | 26.38 | −24.59 | 170.9 | – |
per 1 mol of | 26.38 | −24.59 | 170.9 | – |
per 1 mol of Barium ion | 52.76 | −49.17 | 341.9 | – |
per 1 mol of | 26.38 | −24.59 | 170.9 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 33.150[1] | 24.435[1] |
| (g) | 338.32[1] | 298.58[1] | 166.38[1] | 20.786[1] |
| Ba(NO3)2 (cr) | -992.07[1] | -796.59[1] | 213.8[1] | 151.38[1] |
| Ba(NO3)2 (ai) | -952.36[1] | -783.28[1] | 302.5[1] | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu+ (g) | 1089.986[1] | – | – | – |
| Cu+ (ao) | 71.67[1] | 49.98[1] | 40.6[1] | – |
| NO2 (g) | 33.18[1] | 51.31[1] | 240.06[1] | 37.20[1] |
| Ba2+ (g) | 1660.38[1] | – | – | – |
| Ba2+ (ao) | -537.64[1] | -560.77[1] | 9.6[1] | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 33.150 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 24.435 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 338.32 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 298.58 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 166.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -992.07 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -796.59 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 213.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 151.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -952.36 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -783.28 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 302.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1089.986 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 71.67 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 49.98 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 40.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 33.18 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 51.31 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 240.06 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 37.20 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1660.38 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -537.64 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -560.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 9.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1