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2Cu + KClO4 + 5H+ → 2Cu2+ + HClO2 + K+ + 2H2O

Reaction of copper and potassium perchlorate under acidic condition
2CuCopper + KClO4Potassium perchlorate + 5H+Hydrogen ion
2Cu2+Copper(II) ion + HClO2Chlorous acid + K+Potassium ion + 2H2OWater

The reaction of copper, potassium perchlorate, and hydrogen ion yields copper(II) ion, chlorous acid, potassium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of copper and potassium perchlorate under acidic condition
2CuCopper + KClO4Potassium perchlorate + 5H+Hydrogen ion
2Cu2+Copper(II) ion + HClO2Chlorous acid + K+Potassium ion + 2H2OWater

General equation

Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of copper and potassium perchlorate under acidic condition

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
CuCopper2
Reducing
Oxidizable
KClO4Potassium perchlorate1
Oxidizing
Oxidizing under acidic condition
H+Hydrogen ion5
Hydrogen ion

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
Cu2+Copper(II) ion2
Oxidized
HClO2Chlorous acid1
Reduced
K+Potassium ion1
H2OWater2
Water

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition

Reaction of copper and potassium perchlorate under acidic condition
ΔrG−328.9 kJ/mol
K4.18 × 1057
pK−57.62
2CuCrystalline solid + KClO4Ionized aqueous solution + 5H+Un-ionized aqueous solution
2Cu2+Un-ionized aqueous solution + HClO2Un-ionized aqueous solution + K+Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−364.7−328.9−119.4
per 1 mol of
−182.3−164.4−59.70
−364.7−328.9−119.4
per 1 mol of
Hydrogen ion
−72.94−65.78−23.88
per 1 mol of
Copper(II) ion
−182.3−164.4−59.70
per 1 mol of
−364.7−328.9−119.4
per 1 mol of
Potassium ion
−364.7−328.9−119.4
per 1 mol of
−182.3−164.4−59.70

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Cu (cr)0[1]0[1]33.150[1]24.435[1]
Cu (g)338.32[1]298.58[1]166.38[1]20.786[1]
KClO4 (cr)-432.75[1]-303.09[1]151.0[1]112.38[1]
KClO4 (ai)-381.71[1]-291.79[1]284.5[1]
H+ (g)1536.202[1]
H+ (ao)0[1]0[1]0[1]0[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Cu2+ (g)3054.07[1]
Cu2+ (ao)64.77[1]65.49[1]-99.6[1]
HClO2 (ao)-51.9[1]5.9[1]188.3[1]
K+ (g)514.26[1]
K+ (ao)-252.38[1]-283.27[1]102.5[1]21.8[1]
H2O (cr)
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)