2HCl + 6Fe(NO3)3 + 16H+ → Cl2O + 4Fe(NO3)2 + 10NO2+ + 9H2O + 2Fe3+
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- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and iron(III) nitrate under acidic condition
- 2HClHydrogen chloride + 6Fe(NO3)3Iron(III) nitrate + 16H+Hydrogen ionCl2ODichlorine monoxide + 4Fe(NO3)2Iron(II) nitrate + 10NO2+Nitronium ion + 9H2OWater + 2Fe3+Iron(III) ion⟶
The reaction of hydrogen chloride, iron(III) nitrate, and hydrogen ion yields dichlorine monoxide, iron(II) nitrate, nitronium ion, water, and iron(III) ion (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and iron(III) nitrate under acidic condition
- 2HClHydrogen chloride + 6Fe(NO3)3Iron(III) nitrate + 16H+Hydrogen ionCl2ODichlorine monoxide + 4Fe(NO3)2Iron(II) nitrate + 10NO2+Nitronium ion + 9H2OWater + 2Fe3+Iron(III) ion⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and iron(III) nitrate under acidic condition
Reactants
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
HCl | Hydrogen chloride | 2 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
Fe(NO3)3 | Iron(III) nitrate | 6 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
H+ | Hydrogen ion | 16 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cl2O | Dichlorine monoxide | 1 | Oxidized | – |
Fe(NO3)2 | Iron(II) nitrate | 4 | Reduced | – |
NO2+ | Nitronium ion | 10 | – | – |
H2O | Water | 9 | – | Water |
Fe3+ | Iron(III) ion | 2 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
HCl (g) | -92.307[1] | -95.299[1] | 186.908[1] | 29.12[1] |
HCl (ai) | -167.159[1] | -131.228[1] | 56.5[1] | -136.4[1] |
Fe(NO3)3 (ai) | -670.7[1] | -338.3[1] | 123.4[1] | – |
Fe(NO3)3 (aq) | -674.9[1] | – | – | – |
Fe(NO3)3 (cr) 9 hydrate | -3285.3[1] | – | – | – |
H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (aq):Aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cl2O (g) | 80.3[1] | 97.9[1] | 266.21[1] | 45.40[1] |
Fe(NO3)2 | – | – | – | – |
NO2+ (g) | 967.8[1] | – | – | – |
H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
Fe3+ (g) | 5712.8[1] | – | – | – |
Fe3+ (ao) | -48.5[1] | -4.7[1] | -315.9[1] | – |
* (g):Gas, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -92.307 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -95.299 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 186.908 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -167.159 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -131.228 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 56.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -136.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -670.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -338.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 123.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -674.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3285.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 80.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 97.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 266.21 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 45.40 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 967.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 5712.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -48.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -4.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -315.9 J · K−1 · mol−1