2FePO4 + 3Mg(OH)2 → Mg3(PO4)2 + 2Fe(OH)3
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The reaction of iron(III) phosphate and magnesium hydroxide yields magnesium phosphate and iron(III) hydroxide. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of iron(III) phosphate and magnesium hydroxide
General equation
- Reaction of salt of weak base and strong base
- Salt of weak baseBrønsted acid + Strong baseBrønsted base ⟶ Salt of strong baseConjugate acid + Weak baseConjugate base + (H2O)
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of iron(III) phosphate and magnesium hydroxide
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FePO4 | Iron(III) phosphate | 2 | Brønsted acid | Salt of weak base |
| Mg(OH)2 | Magnesium hydroxide | 3 | Brønsted base | Strong base |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mg3(PO4)2 | Magnesium phosphate | 1 | Conjugate acid | Salt of strong base |
| Fe(OH)3 | Iron(III) hydroxide | 2 | Conjugate base | Weak base |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of iron(III) phosphate and magnesium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −58.1 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −29.1 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −19.4 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −58.1 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −29.1 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of iron(III) phosphate and magnesium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −70.2 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −35.1 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −23.4 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −70.2 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −35.1 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of iron(III) phosphate and magnesium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of iron(III) phosphate and magnesium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FePO4 (cr) | -1297.5[1] | – | – | – |
| FePO4 (cr) 2 hydrate strengite | -1888.2[1] | -1657.5[1] | 171.25[1] | 180.54[1] |
| Mg(OH)2 (cr) | -924.54[1] | -833.51[1] | 63.18[1] | 77.03[1] |
| Mg(OH)2 (am) precipitated | -920.5[1] | – | – | – |
| Mg(OH)2 (g) | -561[1] | – | – | – |
| Mg(OH)2 (ai) | -926.84[1] | -769.4[1] | -159.4[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (am):Amorphous solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mg3(PO4)2 (cr) | -3780.7[1] | -3538.7[1] | 189.20[1] | 213.47[1] |
| Fe(OH)3 (cr) precipitated | -823.0[1] | -696.5[1] | 106.7[1] | – |
| Fe(OH)3 (ao) | – | -659.3[1] | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -1297.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1888.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1657.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 171.25 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 180.54 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -924.54 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -833.51 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 63.18 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 77.03 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -920.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -561. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -926.84 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -769.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -159.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3780.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -3538.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 189.20 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 213.47 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -823.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -696.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 106.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -659.3 kJ · mol−1