2NiCO3 → 2Ni2+ + O22− + 2CO2↑ + 2e−
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- Oxidation of nickel(II) carbonate
- 2NiCO3Nickel(II) carbonate2Ni2+Nickel(II) ion + O22−Peroxide ion + 2CO2↑Carbon dioxide + 2e−Electron⟶
Oxidation of nickel(II) carbonate yields nickel(II) ion, peroxide ion, carbon dioxide (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Oxidation of nickel(II) carbonate
- 2NiCO3Nickel(II) carbonate2Ni2+Nickel(II) ion + O22−Peroxide ion + 2CO2↑Carbon dioxide + 2e−Electron⟶
General equation
- Oxidation of oxidizable species
- ReactantReducing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + e−
Oxidation state of each atom
- Oxidation of nickel(II) carbonate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NiCO3 | Nickel(II) carbonate | 2 | Reducing | – |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ni2+ | Nickel(II) ion | 2 | – | – |
| O22− | Peroxide ion | 1 | Oxidized | – |
| CO2 | Carbon dioxide | 2 | – | – |
| e− | Electron | 2 | – | Electron |
Thermodynamic changes
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NiCO3 (cr) | – | -612.5[1] | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ni2+ (g) | 2931.390[1] | – | – | – |
| Ni2+ (ao) | -54.0[1] | -45.6[1] | -128.9[1] | – |
| O22− | – | – | – | – |
| CO2 (g) | -393.509[1] | -394.359[1] | 213.74[1] | 37.11[1] |
| CO2 (ao) | -413.80[1] | -385.98[1] | 117.6[1] | – |
| e− | – | – | – | – |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfG°, -612.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 2931.390 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -54.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -45.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -128.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -393.509 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -394.359 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 213.74 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 37.11 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -413.80 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -385.98 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 117.6 J · K−1 · mol−1