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2H3PO4 + 3Cu(OH)2 → Cu3(PO4)2 + 6H2O

The reaction of phosphoric acid and copper(II) hydroxide yields copper(II) phosphate and water. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

General equation

Reaction of acid and base
AcidBrønsted acid + BaseBrønsted base
SaltConjugate base + (H2O)(Conjugate acid)
Reaction of acid and hydroxide base
AcidBrønsted acid + Hydroxide baseBrønsted base
SaltConjugate base + H2OConjugate acid
Reaction of weak acid and weak base
Weak acidBrønsted acid + Weak baseBrønsted base
Salt of weak acid and weak baseConjugate base + (H2O)(Conjugate acid)

Oxidation state of each atom

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
H3PO4Phosphoric acid2
Brønsted acid
Acid
Weak acid
Cu(OH)2Copper(II) hydroxide3
Brønsted base
Base
Hydroxide base
Weak base

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
Cu3(PO4)2Copper(II) phosphate1
Conjugate base
Salt
Salt of weak acid and weak base
H2OWater6
Conjugate acid
Water

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition

Reaction of phosphoric acid and copper(II) hydroxide
2H3PO4Crystalline solid + 3Cu(OH)2Crystalline solid
Cu3(PO4)2Crystalline solid + 6H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
per 1 mol of
per 1 mol of

Changes in aqueous solution (1)

Reaction of phosphoric acid and copper(II) hydroxide
ΔrG−442.0 kJ/mol
K2.72 × 1077
pK−77.44
2H3PO4Un-ionized aqueous solution + 3Cu(OH)2Ionized aqueous solution
Cu3(PO4)2Crystalline solid + 6H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−442.0
per 1 mol of
−221.0
−147.3
−442.0
per 1 mol of
−73.67

Changes in aqueous solution (2)

Reaction of phosphoric acid and copper(II) hydroxide
ΔrG−689.6 kJ/mol
K6.50 × 10120
pK−120.81
2H3PO4Ionized aqueous solution + 3Cu(OH)2Ionized aqueous solution
Cu3(PO4)2Crystalline solid + 6H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−689.6
per 1 mol of
−344.8
−229.9
−689.6
per 1 mol of
−114.9

Changes in aqueous solution (3)

Reaction of phosphoric acid and copper(II) hydroxide
ΔrG−442.0 kJ/mol
K2.72 × 1077
pK−77.44
2H3PO4Un-ionized aqueous solution + 3Cu(OH)2Ionized aqueous solution
Cu3(PO4)2Crystalline solid + 6H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−442.0
per 1 mol of
−221.0
−147.3
−442.0
per 1 mol of
−73.67

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
H3PO4 (cr)-1279.0[1]-1119.1[1]110.50[1]106.06[1]
H3PO4 (l)-1266.9[1]
H3PO4 (ai)-1277.4[1]-1018.7[1]-220.3[1]
H3PO4 (ao)-1288.34[1]-1142.54[1]158.2[1]
H3PO4 (cr)
0.5 hydrate
-1431.3[1]-1242.1[1]129.16[1]126.02[1]
H3PO4 (cr)
1 hydrate
-1568.83[1]
Cu(OH)2 (cr)-449.8[1]
Cu(OH)2 (ai)-395.22[1]-249.01[1]-120.9[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Cu3(PO4)2 (cr)-2051.3[1]
H2O (cr)
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas

References

List of references

  1. 1