2KHSO4 + 4e− → K2O + 2SO32− + H2O
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- Reduction of potassium hydrogensulfate
Reduction of potassium hydrogensulfate yields potassium oxide, sulfurous ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reduction of potassium hydrogensulfate
General equation
- Reduction of reducible species
- ReactantOxidizing agent + e− ⟶ ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reduction of potassium hydrogensulfate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KHSO4 | Potassium hydrogensulfate | 2 | Oxidizing | – |
| e− | Electron | 4 | – | Electron |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| K2O | Potassium oxide | 1 | – | – |
| SO32− | Sulfurous ion | 2 | Reduced | – |
| H2O | Water | 1 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reduction of potassium hydrogensulfate◆
ΔrG 546.1 kJ/mol K 0.21 × 10−95 pK 95.67
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 361.1 | 546.1 | −363 | – |
per 1 mol of | 180.6 | 273.1 | −182 | – |
per 1 mol of Electron | 90.28 | 136.5 | −90.8 | – |
per 1 mol of | 361.1 | 546.1 | −363 | – |
per 1 mol of Sulfurous ion | 180.6 | 273.1 | −182 | – |
per 1 mol of | 361.1 | 546.1 | −363 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KHSO4 (cr) | -1160.6[1] | -1031.3[1] | 138.1[1] | – |
| KHSO4 (ai) | -1139.72[1] | -1039.18[1] | 234.3[1] | -63[1] |
| e− | – | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| K2O (cr) | -361.5[1] | -322.1[2] | 94.1[2] | 83.7[2] |
| K2O (g) | -63[1] | – | – | – |
| SO32− (ao) | -635.5[1] | -486.5[1] | -29[1] | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -1160.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1031.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 138.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1139.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1039.18 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 234.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -63. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -361.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -63. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -635.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -486.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -29. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1
- 2James G. Speight (2017)Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 17th editionMcGraw Hill Education
- ^ ΔfG°, -322.1 kJ · mol−1 - p.280
- ^ S°, 94.1 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.280
- ^ Cp°, 83.7 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.280