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2Na + Cd(OH)2 → Na2O + Cd + H2O

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Reaction of sodium and cadmium hydroxide
2NaSodium + Cd(OH)2Cadmium hydroxide
⟶
Na2OSodium oxide + CdCadmium + H2OWater

The reaction of sodium and cadmium hydroxide yields sodium oxide, cadmium, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of sodium and cadmium hydroxide
2NaSodium + Cd(OH)2Cadmium hydroxide
⟶
Na2OSodium oxide + CdCadmium + H2OWater

General equation

Reaction of reducing species and reducible species
Reducing speciesReducing agent + Reducible speciesOxidizing agent
⟶
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of sodium and cadmium hydroxide

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
NaSodium2
Reducing
Reducing
Cd(OH)2Cadmium hydroxide1
Oxidizing
Reducible

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
Na2OSodium oxide1
Oxidized
–
CdCadmium1
Reduced
–
H2OWater1
–
–

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Reaction of sodium and cadmium hydroxide
◆
ΔrG−139.0 kJ/mol
K2.25 × 1024
pK−24.35
2NaCrystalline solid + Cd(OH)2Crystalline solidprecipitated
⟶
Na2OCrystalline solid + CdCrystalline solidγ + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−139.4−139.0−2–
per 1 mol of
−69.70−69.50−1–
per 1 mol of
−139.4−139.0−2–
per 1 mol of
−139.4−139.0−2–
per 1 mol of
−139.4−139.0−2–
per 1 mol of
−139.4−139.0−2–

Changes in standard condition (2)

Reaction of sodium and cadmium hydroxide
◆
ΔrG−139.6 kJ/mol
K2.86 × 1024
pK−24.46
2NaCrystalline solid + Cd(OH)2Crystalline solidprecipitated
⟶
Na2OCrystalline solid + CdCrystalline solidα + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−139.9−139.6−2–
per 1 mol of
−69.95−69.80−1–
per 1 mol of
−139.9−139.6−2–
per 1 mol of
−139.9−139.6−2–
per 1 mol of
−139.9−139.6−2–
per 1 mol of
−139.9−139.6−2–

Changes in aqueous solution (1)

Reaction of sodium and cadmium hydroxide
◆
ΔrG−170.0 kJ/mol
K6.06 × 1029
pK−29.78
2NaCrystalline solid + Cd(OH)2Un-ionized aqueous solution
⟶
Na2OCrystalline solid + CdCrystalline solidγ + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
–−170.0––
per 1 mol of
–−85.00––
per 1 mol of
–−170.0––
per 1 mol of
–−170.0––
per 1 mol of
–−170.0––
per 1 mol of
–−170.0––

Changes in aqueous solution (2)

Reaction of sodium and cadmium hydroxide
◆
ΔrG−139.0 kJ/mol
K2.25 × 1024
pK−24.35
2NaCrystalline solid + Cd(OH)2Crystalline solidprecipitated
⟶
Na2OCrystalline solid + CdCrystalline solidγ + H2OLiquid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−139.4−139.0−2–
per 1 mol of
−69.70−69.50−1–
per 1 mol of
−139.4−139.0−2–
per 1 mol of
−139.4−139.0−2–
per 1 mol of
−139.4−139.0−2–
per 1 mol of
−139.4−139.0−2–

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Na (cr)0[1]0[1]51.21[1]28.24[1]
Na (g)107.32[1]76.761[1]153.712[1]20.786[1]
Cd(OH)2 (cr)
precipitated
-560.7[1]-473.6[1]96[1]–
Cd(OH)2 (ai)-535.89[1]-392.10[1]-94.6[1]–
Cd(OH)2 (ao)–-442.6[1]––
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1		Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1		Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1		Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Na2O (cr)-414.22[1]-375.46[1]75.06[1]69.12[1]
Na2O (g)-35.6[1]-52.3[1]261.2[1]55.2[1]
Cd (cr)
γ
0[1]0[1]51.76[1]25.98[1]
Cd (cr)
α
-0.59[1]-0.59[1]51.76[1]–
Cd (g)112.01[1]77.41[1]167.746[1]20.786[1]
H2O (cr)––––
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (l):Liquid

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)