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2H[AuCl4] + Cu(OH)2 → 2AuCl3 + CuCl2 + 2H2O

The reaction of tetrachloridoauric(III) acid and copper(II) hydroxide yields gold(III) chloride, copper(II) chloride, and water. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

General equation

Reaction of acid and base
AcidBrønsted acid + BaseBrønsted base
SaltConjugate base + (H2O)(Conjugate acid)
Reaction of acid and hydroxide base
AcidBrønsted acid + Hydroxide baseBrønsted base
SaltConjugate base + H2OConjugate acid
Reaction of strong acid and weak base
Strong acidBrønsted acid + Weak baseBrønsted base
Salt of strong acid and weak baseConjugate base + (H2O)(Conjugate acid)

Oxidation state of each atom

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
H[AuCl4]Tetrachloridoauric(III) acid2
Brønsted acid
Acid
Strong acid
Cu(OH)2Copper(II) hydroxide1
Brønsted base
Base
Hydroxide base
Weak base

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
AuCl3Gold(III) chloride2
Conjugate base
Salt
Salt of strong acid and weak base
CuCl2Copper(II) chloride1
Conjugate base
Salt
Salt of strong acid and weak base
H2OWater2
Conjugate acid
Water

Thermodynamic changes

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
H[AuCl4]
Cu(OH)2 (cr)-449.8[1]
Cu(OH)2 (ai)-395.22[1]-249.01[1]-120.9[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
AuCl3 (cr)-117.6[1]
AuCl3 (cr)
2 hydrate
-715.0[1]
CuCl2 (cr)-220.1[1]-175.7[1]108.07[1]71.88[1]
CuCl2 (ao)-197.9[1]
CuCl2 (cr)
2 hydrate
-821.3[1]-655.9[1]167[1]
H2O (cr)
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas

References

List of references

  1. 1