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2ZnBr2 + 6KMnO4 + 3H2O 🔥→ 2Zn(OH)2 + 4KBrO3 + 3Mn2O3 + 2KOH

The reaction of zinc bromide, potassium permanganate, and water yields zinc hydroxide, potassium bromate, manganese(III) oxide, and potassium hydroxide (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

General equation

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under neutral condition
Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H2ONon-redox agent
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
ZnBr2Zinc bromide2
Reducing
Hardly oxidizable
KMnO4Potassium permanganate6
Oxidizing
Oxidizing
H2OWater3
Water

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
Zn(OH)2Zinc hydroxide2
KBrO3Potassium bromate4
Oxidized
Mn2O3Manganese(III) oxide3
Reduced
KOHPotassium hydroxide2

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
ΔrG167.5 kJ/mol
K0.45 × 10−29
pK29.34
2ZnBr2Crystalline solid + 6KMnO4Crystalline solid + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Crystalline solidγ + 4KBrO3Crystalline solid + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHCrystalline solid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
167.5
per 1 mol of
83.75
27.92
per 1 mol of
55.83
per 1 mol of
83.75
per 1 mol of
41.88
55.83
83.75

Changes in standard condition (2)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
ΔrG168.1 kJ/mol
K0.35 × 10−29
pK29.45
2ZnBr2Crystalline solid + 6KMnO4Crystalline solid + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Crystalline solidβ + 4KBrO3Crystalline solid + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHCrystalline solid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
86.7168.1−268.7
per 1 mol of
43.484.05−134.3
14.528.02−44.78
per 1 mol of
28.956.03−89.57
per 1 mol of
43.484.05−134.3
per 1 mol of
21.742.02−67.17
28.956.03−89.57
43.484.05−134.3

Changes in standard condition (3)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
ΔrG165.0 kJ/mol
K0.12 × 10−28
pK28.91
2ZnBr2Crystalline solid + 6KMnO4Crystalline solid + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Crystalline solidε + 4KBrO3Crystalline solid + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHCrystalline solid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
84.0165.0−267.9
per 1 mol of
42.082.50−133.9
14.027.50−44.65
per 1 mol of
28.055.00−89.30
per 1 mol of
42.082.50−133.9
per 1 mol of
21.041.25−66.97
28.055.00−89.30
42.082.50−133.9

Changes in standard condition (4)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
2ZnBr2Crystalline solid + 6KMnO4Crystalline solid + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Crystalline solidprecipitated + 4KBrO3Crystalline solid + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHCrystalline solid
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
86.1
per 1 mol of
43.0
14.3
per 1 mol of
28.7
per 1 mol of
43.0
per 1 mol of
21.5
28.7
43.0

Changes in aqueous solution (1)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
ΔrG175.9 kJ/mol
K0.15 × 10−30
pK30.82
2ZnBr2Ionized aqueous solution + 6KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4KBrO3Ionized aqueous solution + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
175.9
per 1 mol of
87.95
29.32
per 1 mol of
58.63
per 1 mol of
87.95
per 1 mol of
43.98
58.63
87.95

Changes in aqueous solution (2)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
ΔrG113.7 kJ/mol
K0.12 × 10−19
pK19.92
2ZnBr2Ionized aqueous solution + 6KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Crystalline solidγ + 4KBrO3Ionized aqueous solution + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
113.7
per 1 mol of
56.85
18.95
per 1 mol of
37.90
per 1 mol of
56.85
per 1 mol of
28.43
37.90
56.85

Changes in aqueous solution (3)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
ΔrG114.3 kJ/mol
K0.95 × 10−20
pK20.02
2ZnBr2Ionized aqueous solution + 6KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Crystalline solidβ + 4KBrO3Ionized aqueous solution + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
10.9114.3−343.4
per 1 mol of
5.4557.15−171.7
1.8219.05−57.23
per 1 mol of
3.6338.10−114.5
per 1 mol of
5.4557.15−171.7
per 1 mol of
2.7328.57−85.85
3.6338.10−114.5
5.4557.15−171.7

Changes in aqueous solution (4)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
ΔrG111.2 kJ/mol
K0.33 × 10−19
pK19.48
2ZnBr2Ionized aqueous solution + 6KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Crystalline solidε + 4KBrO3Ionized aqueous solution + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
8.2111.2−342.6
per 1 mol of
4.155.60−171.3
1.418.53−57.10
per 1 mol of
2.737.07−114.2
per 1 mol of
4.155.60−171.3
per 1 mol of
2.027.80−85.65
2.737.07−114.2
4.155.60−171.3

Changes in aqueous solution (5)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
2ZnBr2Ionized aqueous solution + 6KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Crystalline solidprecipitated + 4KBrO3Ionized aqueous solution + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
10.3
per 1 mol of
5.15
1.72
per 1 mol of
3.43
per 1 mol of
5.15
per 1 mol of
2.58
3.43
5.15

Changes in aqueous solution (6)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
ΔrG164.7 kJ/mol
K0.14 × 10−28
pK28.85
2ZnBr2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 6KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4KBrO3Ionized aqueous solution + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
164.7
per 1 mol of
82.35
27.45
per 1 mol of
54.90
per 1 mol of
82.35
per 1 mol of
41.17
54.90
82.35

Changes in aqueous solution (7)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
ΔrG102.6 kJ/mol
K0.11 × 10−17
pK17.97
2ZnBr2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 6KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Crystalline solidγ + 4KBrO3Ionized aqueous solution + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
102.6
per 1 mol of
51.30
17.10
per 1 mol of
34.20
per 1 mol of
51.30
per 1 mol of
25.65
34.20
51.30

Changes in aqueous solution (8)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
ΔrG103.2 kJ/mol
K0.83 × 10−18
pK18.08
2ZnBr2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 6KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Crystalline solidβ + 4KBrO3Ionized aqueous solution + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
103.2
per 1 mol of
51.60
17.20
per 1 mol of
34.40
per 1 mol of
51.60
per 1 mol of
25.80
34.40
51.60

Changes in aqueous solution (9)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
ΔrG100.1 kJ/mol
K0.29 × 10−17
pK17.54
2ZnBr2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 6KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Crystalline solidε + 4KBrO3Ionized aqueous solution + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
100.1
per 1 mol of
50.05
16.68
per 1 mol of
33.37
per 1 mol of
50.05
per 1 mol of
25.02
33.37
50.05

Changes in aqueous solution (10)

Reaction of zinc bromide and potassium permanganate under neutral condition
2ZnBr2Un-ionized aqueous solution + 6KMnO4Ionized aqueous solution + 3H2OLiquid
🔥
2Zn(OH)2Crystalline solidprecipitated + 4KBrO3Ionized aqueous solution + 3Mn2O3Crystalline solid + 2KOHIonized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
per 1 mol of
per 1 mol of
per 1 mol of
per 1 mol of

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
ZnBr2 (cr)-328.65[1]-312.13[1]138.5[1]
ZnBr2 (ai)-396.98[1]-354.97[1]52.7[1]-238[1]
ZnBr2 (ao)-349.4[1]
ZnBr2 (cr)
2 hydrate
-937.2[1]-799.5[1]198.7[1]
KMnO4 (cr)-837.2[1]-737.6[1]171.71[1]117.57[1]
KMnO4 (ai)-793.8[1]-730.5[1]293.7[1]-60.2[1]
H2O (cr)
H2O (l)-285.830[1]-237.129[1]69.91[1]75.291[1]
H2O (g)-241.818[1]-228.572[1]188.825[1]33.577[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Zn(OH)2 (cr)
γ
-553.81[1]
Zn(OH)2 (cr)
β
-641.91[1]-553.52[1]81.2[1]
Zn(OH)2 (cr)
ε
-643.25[1]-555.07[1]81.6[1]72.4[1]
Zn(OH)2 (cr)
precipitated
-642.2[1]
Zn(OH)2 (ai)-613.88[1]-461.56[1]-133.5[1]-251[1]
Zn(OH)2 (ao)-522.73[1]
KBrO3 (cr)-360.24[1]-271.16[1]149.16[1]105.19[1]
KBrO3 (ai)-319.45[1]-264.67[1]264.22[1]
Mn2O3 (cr)-959.0[1]-881.1[1]110.5[1]107.65[1]
KOH (cr)-424.764[1]-379.08[1]78.9[1]64.9[1]
KOH (g)-231.0[1]-232.6[1]238.3[1]49.20[1]
KOH (ai)-482.37[1]-440.50[1]91.6[1]-126.8[1]
KOH (cr)
1 hydrate
-748.9[1]-645.1[1]117.2[1]
KOH (cr)
2 hydrate
-1051.0[1]-887.3[1]150.6[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas

References

List of references

  1. 1
    Janiel J. Reed (1989)
    The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)