3Cu + 2Ba(NO3)2 + 10H+ → 3Cu2+ + 2NO↑ + 2Ba2+ + 2HNO3 + 4H2O
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- Reaction of and barium nitrate under acidic condition
- 3 + 2Ba(NO3)2Barium nitrate + 10H+Hydrogen ion3Cu2+Copper(II) ion + 2NO↑Nitrogen monoxide + 2Ba2+Barium ion + 2HNO3Nitric acid + 4H2OWater⟶
The reaction of , barium nitrate, and hydrogen ion yields copper(II) ion, nitrogen monoxide, barium ion, nitric acid, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and barium nitrate under acidic condition
- 3 + 2Ba(NO3)2Barium nitrate + 10H+Hydrogen ion3Cu2+Copper(II) ion + 2NO↑Nitrogen monoxide + 2Ba2+Barium ion + 2HNO3Nitric acid + 4H2OWater⟶
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and barium nitrate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | Reducing | Oxidizable | ||
| Ba(NO3)2 | Barium nitrate | 2 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 10 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu2+ | Copper(II) ion | 3 | Oxidized | – |
| NO | Nitrogen monoxide | 2 | Reduced | – |
| Ba2+ | Barium ion | 2 | – | – |
| HNO3 | Nitric acid | 2 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 4 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of and barium nitrate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −356.43 kJ/mol K 2.78 × 1062 pK −62.44
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −353.79 | −356.43 | 9.9 | – |
| −117.93 | −118.81 | 3.3 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −176.90 | −178.22 | 5.0 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | −35.379 | −35.643 | 0.99 | – |
per 1 mol of Copper(II) ion | −117.93 | −118.81 | 3.3 | – |
per 1 mol of | −176.90 | −178.22 | 5.0 | – |
per 1 mol of Barium ion | −176.90 | −178.22 | 5.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −176.90 | −178.22 | 5.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −88.448 | −89.108 | 2.5 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 33.150[1] | 24.435[1] |
| (g) | 338.32[1] | 298.58[1] | 166.38[1] | 20.786[1] |
| Ba(NO3)2 (cr) | -992.07[1] | -796.59[1] | 213.8[1] | 151.38[1] |
| Ba(NO3)2 (ai) | -952.36[1] | -783.28[1] | 302.5[1] | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cu2+ (g) | 3054.07[1] | – | – | – |
| Cu2+ (ao) | 64.77[1] | 65.49[1] | -99.6[1] | – |
| NO (g) | 90.25[1] | 86.55[1] | 210.761[1] | 29.844[1] |
| Ba2+ (g) | 1660.38[1] | – | – | – |
| Ba2+ (ao) | -537.64[1] | -560.77[1] | 9.6[1] | – |
| HNO3 (l) | -174.10[1] | -80.71[1] | 155.60[1] | 109.87[1] |
| HNO3 (g) | -135.06[1] | -74.72[1] | 266.38[1] | 53.35[1] |
| HNO3 (ai) | -207.36[1] | -111.25[1] | 146.4[1] | -86.6[1] |
| HNO3 (l) 1 hydrate | -473.46[1] | -328.77[1] | 216.90[1] | 182.46[1] |
| HNO3 (l) 3 hydrate | -1056.04[1] | -811.09[1] | 346.98[1] | 325.14[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 33.150 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 24.435 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 338.32 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 298.58 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 166.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -992.07 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -796.59 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 213.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 151.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -952.36 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -783.28 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 302.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 3054.07 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 64.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 65.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -99.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 90.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 86.55 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 210.761 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.844 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1660.38 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -537.64 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -560.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 9.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -174.10 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -80.71 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 155.60 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 109.87 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -135.06 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -74.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 266.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 53.35 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -207.36 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -111.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 146.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -86.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -473.46 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -328.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 216.90 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 182.46 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1056.04 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -811.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 346.98 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 325.14 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1