3Mg(ClO4)2 + 2Na3PO4 💧→ Mg3(PO4)2↓ + 6NaClO4
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The reaction of magnesium perchlorate and sodium phosphate yields magnesium phosphate and sodium perchlorate. This reaction is an acid-base reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of magnesium perchlorate and sodium phosphate
General equation
- Precipitation reaction
- Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterLewis acid + Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterLewis base💧⟶ Insoluble in water/Very slightly soluble in water/Slightly soluble in waterLewis conjugate + Product(Non-redox product)
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of magnesium perchlorate and sodium phosphate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mg(ClO4)2 | Magnesium perchlorate | 3 | Lewis acid | Very soluble in water |
| Na3PO4 | Sodium phosphate | 2 | Lewis base | Soluble in water |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mg3(PO4)2 | Magnesium phosphate | 1 | Lewis conjugate | Very slightly soluble in water |
| NaClO4 | Sodium perchlorate | 6 | Non-redox product | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of magnesium perchlorate and sodium phosphate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −539.0 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −179.7 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −269.5 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −539.0 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −89.83 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of magnesium perchlorate and sodium phosphate◆
ΔrG −136.8 kJ/mol K 9.25 × 1023 pK −23.97
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 174.9 | −136.8 | 1044.1 | – |
per 1 mol of | 58.30 | −45.60 | 348.03 | – |
per 1 mol of | 87.45 | −68.40 | 522.05 | – |
per 1 mol of | 174.9 | −136.8 | 1044.1 | – |
per 1 mol of | 29.15 | −22.80 | 174.02 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mg(ClO4)2 (cr) | -568.90[1] | – | – | – |
| Mg(ClO4)2 (ai) | -725.51[1] | -471.8[1] | 225.9[1] | – |
| Mg(ClO4)2 (cr) 2 hydrate | -1218.8[1] | – | – | – |
| Mg(ClO4)2 (cr) 4 hydrate | -1837.2[1] | – | – | – |
| Mg(ClO4)2 (cr) 6 hydrate | -2445.5[1] | -1862.7[1] | 520.9[1] | – |
| Na3PO4 (cr) | -1917.40[1] | -1788.80[1] | 173.80[1] | 153.47[1] |
| Na3PO4 (ai) | -1997.9[1] | -1804.5[1] | -43.3[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mg3(PO4)2 (cr) | -3780.7[1] | -3538.7[1] | 189.20[1] | 213.47[1] |
| NaClO4 (cr) | -383.30[1] | -254.85[1] | 142.3[1] | – |
| NaClO4 (ai) | -369.45[1] | -270.41[1] | 241.0[1] | – |
| NaClO4 (cr) 1 hydrate | -677.77[1] | -494.29[1] | 190.8[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -568.90 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -725.51 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -471.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 225.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1218.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1837.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2445.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1862.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 520.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1917.40 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1788.80 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 173.80 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 153.47 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1997.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1804.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, -43.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3780.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -3538.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 189.20 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 213.47 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -383.30 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -254.85 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 142.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -369.45 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -270.41 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 241.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -677.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -494.29 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 190.8 J · K−1 · mol−1