3MnCl2 + 14KMnO4 + 8H+ → 17MnO2 + 6KClO3 + 8K+ + 4H2O
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- Reaction of manganese(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
- 3MnCl2Manganese(II) chloride + 14KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 8H+Hydrogen ion17MnO2Manganese(IV) oxide + 6KClO3Potassium chlorate + 8K+Potassium ion + 4H2OWater⟶
The reaction of manganese(II) chloride, potassium permanganate, and hydrogen ion yields manganese(IV) oxide, potassium chlorate, potassium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of manganese(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
- 3MnCl2Manganese(II) chloride + 14KMnO4Potassium permanganate + 8H+Hydrogen ion17MnO2Manganese(IV) oxide + 6KClO3Potassium chlorate + 8K+Potassium ion + 4H2OWater⟶
General equation
- Reaction of oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of manganese(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MnCl2 | Manganese(II) chloride | 3 | Reducing | Oxidizable |
| KMnO4 | Potassium permanganate | 14 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 8 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MnO2 | Manganese(IV) oxide | 17 | Redoxed product | – |
| KClO3 | Potassium chlorate | 6 | Oxidized | – |
| K+ | Potassium ion | 8 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 4 | – | Water |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of manganese(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −1170.0 kJ/mol K 9.44 × 10204 pK −204.98
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −1362.6 | −1170.0 | −638.2 | – |
per 1 mol of | −454.20 | −390.00 | −212.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | −97.329 | −83.571 | −45.59 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | −170.32 | −146.25 | −79.78 | – |
per 1 mol of | −80.153 | −68.824 | −37.54 | – |
per 1 mol of | −227.10 | −195.00 | −106.4 | – |
per 1 mol of Potassium ion | −170.32 | −146.25 | −79.78 | – |
per 1 mol of | −340.65 | −292.50 | −159.6 | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of manganese(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −1166.4 kJ/mol K 2.21 × 10204 pK −204.34
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | −1166.4 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −388.80 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −83.314 | – | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | – | −145.80 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −68.612 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −194.40 | – | – |
per 1 mol of Potassium ion | – | −145.80 | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | −291.60 | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MnCl2 (cr) | -481.29[1] | -440.50[1] | 118.24[1] | 72.93[1] |
| MnCl2 (g) | -263.6[1] | – | – | – |
| MnCl2 (ai) | -555.05[1] | -490.8[1] | 38.9[1] | -222[1] |
| MnCl2 (ao) | – | -492.0[1] | – | – |
| MnCl2 (cr) 1 hydrate | -789.9[1] | -696.1[1] | 174.1[1] | – |
| MnCl2 (cr) 2 hydrate | -1092.0[1] | -942.1[1] | 218.8[1] | – |
| MnCl2 (cr) 4 hydrate | -1687.4[1] | -1423.6[1] | 303.3[1] | – |
| KMnO4 (cr) | -837.2[1] | -737.6[1] | 171.71[1] | 117.57[1] |
| KMnO4 (ai) | -793.8[1] | -730.5[1] | 293.7[1] | -60.2[1] |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MnO2 (cr) | -520.03[1] | -465.14[1] | 53.05[1] | 54.14[1] |
| MnO2 (am) precipitated | -502.5[1] | – | – | – |
| KClO3 (cr) | -397.73[1] | -296.25[1] | 143.1[1] | 100.25[1] |
| KClO3 (ai) | -356.35[1] | -291.22[1] | 264.8[1] | – |
| K+ (g) | 514.26[1] | – | – | – |
| K+ (ao) | -252.38[1] | -283.27[1] | 102.5[1] | 21.8[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (am):Amorphous solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -481.29 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -440.50 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 118.24 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 72.93 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -263.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -555.05 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -490.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 38.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -222. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -492.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -789.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -696.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 174.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1092.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -942.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 218.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1687.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1423.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 303.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -837.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -737.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 171.71 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 117.57 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -793.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -730.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 293.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -60.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -520.03 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -465.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 53.05 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 54.14 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -502.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -397.73 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -296.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 143.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 100.25 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -356.35 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -291.22 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 264.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 514.26 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -252.38 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -283.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 102.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 21.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1