You-iggy

3Zn + 2H3PO4 → Zn3(PO4)2 + 3H2

The reaction of zinc and phosphoric acid yields zinc phosphate and hydrogen (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Table of contents
  1. 1Reaction data
  2. 2Thermodynamic changes
  3. 3References
  4. 4Related reactions
  5. 5Related categories

Reaction data

Chemical equation

General equation

Reaction of reducing species and reducible species
Reducing speciesReducing agent + Reducible speciesOxidizing agent
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Reaction of active metal and acid
Active metalReducing agent + AcidOxidizing agent
SaltOxidation product + H2Reduction product
Reaction of amphoteric metal and acid
Amphoteric metalReducing agent + AcidOxidizing agent
SaltOxidation product + H2Reduction product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of zinc and phosphoric acid

Reactants

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
ZnZinc3
Reducing
Reducing
Active metal
Amphoteric metal
H3PO4Phosphoric acid2
Oxidizing
Reducible
Acid

Products

Chemical formulaNameCoefficientTypeType in general
equation
Zn3(PO4)2Zinc phosphate1
Oxidized
Salt
H2Hydrogen3
Reduced
Hydrogen

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition

Reaction of zinc and phosphoric acid
3ZnCrystalline solid + 2H3PO4Crystalline solid
Zn3(PO4)2Crystalline solid + 3H2Gas
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−334.4
per 1 mol of
−111.5
per 1 mol of
−167.2
per 1 mol of
−334.4
per 1 mol of
−111.5

Changes in aqueous solution (1)

Reaction of zinc and phosphoric acid
3ZnCrystalline solid + 2H3PO4Un-ionized aqueous solution
Zn3(PO4)2Crystalline solid + 3H2Gas
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−315.7
per 1 mol of
−105.2
per 1 mol of
−157.8
per 1 mol of
−315.7
per 1 mol of
−105.2

Changes in aqueous solution (2)

Reaction of zinc and phosphoric acid
3ZnCrystalline solid + 2H3PO4Un-ionized aqueous solution
Zn3(PO4)2Crystalline solid + 3H2Un-ionized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−328.3
per 1 mol of
−109.4
per 1 mol of
−164.2
per 1 mol of
−328.3
per 1 mol of
−109.4

Changes in aqueous solution (3)

Reaction of zinc and phosphoric acid
3ZnCrystalline solid + 2H3PO4Ionized aqueous solution
Zn3(PO4)2Crystalline solid + 3H2Gas
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−337.6
per 1 mol of
−112.5
per 1 mol of
−168.8
per 1 mol of
−337.6
per 1 mol of
−112.5

Changes in aqueous solution (4)

Reaction of zinc and phosphoric acid
3ZnCrystalline solid + 2H3PO4Ionized aqueous solution
Zn3(PO4)2Crystalline solid + 3H2Un-ionized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−350.2
per 1 mol of
−116.7
per 1 mol of
−175.1
per 1 mol of
−350.2
per 1 mol of
−116.7

Changes in aqueous solution (5)

Reaction of zinc and phosphoric acid
3ZnCrystalline solid + 2H3PO4Un-ionized aqueous solution
Zn3(PO4)2Crystalline solid + 3H2Gas
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−315.7
per 1 mol of
−105.2
per 1 mol of
−157.8
per 1 mol of
−315.7
per 1 mol of
−105.2

Changes in aqueous solution (6)

Reaction of zinc and phosphoric acid
3ZnCrystalline solid + 2H3PO4Un-ionized aqueous solution
Zn3(PO4)2Crystalline solid + 3H2Un-ionized aqueous solution
Standard enthalpy
of reaction
ΔrH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
Gibbs energy
of reaction
ΔrG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard entropy
of reaction
ΔrS°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard heat
capacity of reaction
at constant pressure
ΔrCp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
per 1 mol of
Equation
−328.3
per 1 mol of
−109.4
per 1 mol of
−164.2
per 1 mol of
−328.3
per 1 mol of
−109.4

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Zn (cr)0[1]0[1]41.63[1]25.40[1]
Zn (g)130.729[1]95.145[1]160.984[1]20.786[1]
H3PO4 (cr)-1279.0[1]-1119.1[1]110.50[1]106.06[1]
H3PO4 (l)-1266.9[1]
H3PO4 (ai)-1277.4[1]-1018.7[1]-220.3[1]
H3PO4 (ao)-1288.34[1]-1142.54[1]158.2[1]
H3PO4 (cr)
0.5 hydrate
-1431.3[1]-1242.1[1]129.16[1]126.02[1]
H3PO4 (cr)
1 hydrate
-1568.83[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (l):Liquid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formulaStandard enthalpy
of formation
ΔfH°
kJ · mol−1
Standard Gibbs
energy of
formation
ΔfG°
kJ · mol−1
Standard
molar entropy
S°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Standard molar
heat capacity at
constant pressure
Cp°
J · K−1 · mol−1
Zn3(PO4)2 (cr)-2892.4[1]
H2 (g)0[1]0[1]130.684[1]28.824[1]
H2 (ao)-4.2[1]17.6[1]577[1]
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution

References

List of references

  1. 1