4Ca(ClO)2 + 2HNO3 → 3CaCl2 + Ca(NO3)2 + 2HClO4
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The reaction of calcium hypochlorite and nitric acid yields calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, and perchloric acid (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of calcium hypochlorite and nitric acid
General equation
- Reaction of self redoxing species and acid
- Self-redoxing speciesSelf redox agent + AcidNon-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of calcium hypochlorite and nitric acid
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ca(ClO)2 | Calcium hypochlorite | 4 | – | Self redoxing |
| HNO3 | Nitric acid | 2 | – | Acid |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CaCl2 | Calcium chloride | 3 | Reduced | – |
| Ca(NO3)2 | Calcium nitrate | 1 | – | – |
| HClO4 | Perchloric acid | 2 | Oxidized | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of calcium hypochlorite and nitric acid
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −415.3 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −103.8 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −207.7 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −138.4 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −415.3 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −207.7 | – | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ca(ClO)2 (aq) | -754.4[1] | – | – | – |
| HNO3 (l) | -174.10[1] | -80.71[1] | 155.60[1] | 109.87[1] |
| HNO3 (g) | -135.06[1] | -74.72[1] | 266.38[1] | 53.35[1] |
| HNO3 (ai) | -207.36[1] | -111.25[1] | 146.4[1] | -86.6[1] |
| HNO3 (l) 1 hydrate | -473.46[1] | -328.77[1] | 216.90[1] | 182.46[1] |
| HNO3 (l) 3 hydrate | -1056.04[1] | -811.09[1] | 346.98[1] | 325.14[1] |
* (aq):Aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CaCl2 (cr) | -795.8[1] | -748.1[1] | 104.6[1] | 72.59[1] |
| CaCl2 (g) | -471.5[1] | -479.24[1] | 290.27[1] | 59.33[1] |
| CaCl2 (ai) | -877.13[1] | -816.01[1] | 59.8[1] | – |
| CaCl2 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1109.2[1] | – | – | – |
| CaCl2 (cr) 2 hydrate | -1402.9[1] | – | – | – |
| CaCl2 (cr) 4 hydrate | -2009.6[1] | – | – | – |
| CaCl2 (cr) 6 hydrate | -2607.9[1] | – | – | – |
| Ca(NO3)2 (cr) | -938.39[1] | -743.07[1] | 193.3[1] | 149.37[1] |
| Ca(NO3)2 (ai) | -957.55[1] | -776.09[1] | 239.7[1] | – |
| Ca(NO3)2 (cr) 2 hydrate | -1540.76[1] | -1229.11[1] | 269.4[1] | – |
| Ca(NO3)2 (cr) 3 hydrate | -1838.0[1] | -1471.7[1] | 319.2[1] | – |
| Ca(NO3)2 (cr) 4 hydrate | -2132.33[1] | -1713.15[1] | 375.3[1] | – |
| HClO4 (l) | -40.58[1] | – | – | – |
| HClO4 (ai) | -129.33[1] | -8.52[1] | 182.0[1] | – |
| HClO4 (cr) 1 hydrate | -382.21[1] | – | – | – |
| HClO4 (l) 2 hydrate | -677.98[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -754.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -174.10 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -80.71 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 155.60 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 109.87 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -135.06 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -74.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 266.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 53.35 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -207.36 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -111.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 146.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -86.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -473.46 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -328.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 216.90 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 182.46 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1056.04 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -811.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 346.98 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 325.14 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -795.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -748.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 104.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 72.59 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -471.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -479.24 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 290.27 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 59.33 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -877.13 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -816.01 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 59.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1109.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1402.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2009.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2607.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -938.39 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -743.07 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 193.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 149.37 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -957.55 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -776.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 239.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1540.76 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1229.11 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 269.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1838.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1471.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 319.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2132.33 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1713.15 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 375.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -40.58 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -129.33 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -8.52 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 182.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -382.21 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -677.98 kJ · mol−1