4HCN + 9O2 → 4NO2 + 4CO2 + 2H2O
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- Reaction of hydrogen cyanide and
The reaction of hydrogen cyanide and yields nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of hydrogen cyanide and
General equation
- Reaction of reducing species and oxidizing species
- Reducing speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of hydrogen cyanide and
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCN | Hydrogen cyanide | 4 | Reducing | Reducing |
| 9 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO2 | Nitrogen dioxide | 4 | Redoxed product | – |
| CO2 | Carbon dioxide | 4 | Redoxed product | – |
| H2O | Water | 2 | Reduced | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of hydrogen cyanide and ◆
ΔrG −2346.33 kJ/mol K 1.15 × 10411 pK −411.06
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −2448.46 | −2346.33 | −342.58 | −98.89 |
per 1 mol of | −612.115 | −586.582 | −85.645 | −24.72 |
| −272.051 | −260.703 | −38.064 | −10.99 | |
per 1 mol of | −612.115 | −586.582 | −85.645 | −24.72 |
per 1 mol of | −612.115 | −586.582 | −85.645 | −24.72 |
per 1 mol of | −1224.23 | −1173.16 | −171.29 | −49.45 |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of hydrogen cyanide and ◆
ΔrG −2683.7 kJ/mol K 1.46 × 10470 pK −470.16
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −2510.1 | −2683.7 | 580.5 | – |
per 1 mol of | −627.52 | −670.92 | 145.1 | – |
| −278.90 | −298.19 | 64.50 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −627.52 | −670.92 | 145.1 | – |
per 1 mol of | −627.52 | −670.92 | 145.1 | – |
per 1 mol of | −1255.0 | −1341.8 | 290.3 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of hydrogen cyanide and ◆
ΔrG −2650.1 kJ/mol K 1.89 × 10464 pK −464.28
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −2591.2 | −2650.1 | 196.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | −647.80 | −662.52 | 49.00 | – |
| −287.91 | −294.46 | 21.78 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −647.80 | −662.52 | 49.00 | – |
per 1 mol of | −647.80 | −662.52 | 49.00 | – |
per 1 mol of | −1295.6 | −1325.0 | 98.00 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (3)
- Reaction of hydrogen cyanide and ◆
ΔrG −2472.9 kJ/mol K 1.71 × 10433 pK −433.23
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −2336.1 | −2472.9 | 458.1 | – |
per 1 mol of | −584.02 | −618.23 | 114.5 | – |
| −259.57 | −274.77 | 50.90 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −584.02 | −618.23 | 114.5 | – |
per 1 mol of | −584.02 | −618.23 | 114.5 | – |
per 1 mol of | −1168.0 | −1236.5 | 229.1 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (4)
- Reaction of hydrogen cyanide and ◆
ΔrG −2439.3 kJ/mol K 2.22 × 10427 pK −427.35
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −2417.2 | −2439.3 | 73.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | −604.30 | −609.83 | 18.4 | – |
| −268.58 | −271.03 | 8.18 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −604.30 | −609.83 | 18.4 | – |
per 1 mol of | −604.30 | −609.83 | 18.4 | – |
per 1 mol of | −1208.6 | −1219.7 | 36.8 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCN (l) | 108.87[1] | 124.97[1] | 112.84[1] | 70.63[1] |
| HCN (g) | 135.1[1] | 124.7[1] | 201.78[1] | 35.86[1] |
| HCN (ai) | 150.6[1] | 172.4[1] | 94.1[1] | – |
| HCN (ao) | 107.1[1] | 119.7[1] | 124.7[1] | – |
| (g) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 205.138[1] | 29.355[1] |
| (ao) | -11.7[1] | 16.4[1] | 110.9[1] | – |
* (l):Liquid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO2 (g) | 33.18[1] | 51.31[1] | 240.06[1] | 37.20[1] |
| CO2 (g) | -393.509[1] | -394.359[1] | 213.74[1] | 37.11[1] |
| CO2 (ao) | -413.80[1] | -385.98[1] | 117.6[1] | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 108.87 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 124.97 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 112.84 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 70.63 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 135.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 124.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 201.78 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.86 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 150.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 172.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 94.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 107.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 119.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 124.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 205.138 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.355 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -11.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 16.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 110.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 33.18 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 51.31 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 240.06 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 37.20 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -393.509 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -394.359 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 213.74 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 37.11 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -413.80 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -385.98 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 117.6 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1