4Li[AlH4] + 6KMnO4 → 4LiH + 3Mn2O3 + 2Al2O3 + 3K2O + 6H2O
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The reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate yields lithium hydride, manganese(III) oxide, aluminium oxide, potassium oxide, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
General equation
- Reaction of reducing species and oxidizing species
- Reducing speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li[AlH4] | Lithium tetrahydridoaluminate | 4 | Reducing | Reducing |
| KMnO4 | Potassium permanganate | 6 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LiH | Lithium hydride | 4 | – | – |
| Mn2O3 | Manganese(III) oxide | 3 | Reduced | – |
| Al2O3 | Aluminium oxide | 2 | – | – |
| K2O | Potassium oxide | 3 | – | – |
| H2O | Water | 6 | Oxidized | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | −128.4 | 260.9 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −32.10 | 65.22 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −21.40 | 43.48 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −32.10 | 65.22 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −42.80 | 86.97 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −64.20 | 130.4 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −42.80 | 86.97 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −21.40 | 43.48 |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (3)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (4)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (5)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (6)
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | – | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate and potassium permanganate
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | – | – | −860.4 | 1327.5 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −215.1 | 331.88 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −143.4 | 221.25 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −215.1 | 331.88 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −286.8 | 442.50 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −430.2 | 663.75 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −286.8 | 442.50 |
per 1 mol of | – | – | −143.4 | 221.25 |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li[AlH4] (cr) | -116.3[1] | -44.7[1] | 78.74[1] | 83.18[1] |
| KMnO4 (cr) | -837.2[1] | -737.6[1] | 171.71[1] | 117.57[1] |
| KMnO4 (ai) | -793.8[1] | -730.5[1] | 293.7[1] | -60.2[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LiH (cr) | – | – | 20.422[1] | 28.79[1] |
| LiH (g) | 139.24[1] | 116.47[1] | 170.900[1] | 29.727[1] |
| Mn2O3 (cr) | -959.0[1] | -881.1[1] | 110.5[1] | 107.65[1] |
| Al2O3 (cr) α, corundum | -1675.7[1] | -1582.3[1] | 50.92[1] | 79.04[1] |
| Al2O3 (cr) δ | -1666.5[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (cr) ρ | -1657[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (cr) κ | -1662.3[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (cr) γ | -1656.9[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (am) | -1632[1] | – | – | – |
| Al2O3 (cr) 1 hydrate | -1998.91[1] | -1841.78[1] | 70.67[1] | 106.19[1] |
| Al2O3 (cr) 3 hydrate | -2576.5[1] | – | – | – |
| K2O (cr) | -361.5[1] | -322.1[2] | 94.1[2] | 83.7[2] |
| K2O (g) | -63[1] | – | – | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (am):Amorphous solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -116.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -44.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 78.74 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 83.18 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -837.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -737.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 171.71 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 117.57 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -793.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -730.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 293.7 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -60.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ S°, 20.422 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 28.79 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 139.24 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 116.47 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 170.900 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.727 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -959.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -881.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 110.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 107.65 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1675.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1582.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 50.92 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 79.04 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1666.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1657. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1662.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1656.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1632. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1998.91 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1841.78 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 70.67 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 106.19 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2576.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -361.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -63. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1
- 2James G. Speight (2017)Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 17th editionMcGraw Hill Education
- ^ ΔfG°, -322.1 kJ · mol−1 - p.280
- ^ S°, 94.1 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.280
- ^ Cp°, 83.7 J · K−1 · mol−1 - p.280