5Na2HPO4 → 10Na+ + 3HO2− + H2PO4− + P4O10 + 6e−
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- Oxidation of sodium hydrogenphosphate
- 5Na2HPO4Sodium hydrogenphosphate10Na+Sodium ion + 3HO2−Hydrogenperoxide ion + H2PO4−Dihydrogenphosphate ion + P4O10Tetraphosphorus decaoxide + 6e−Electron⟶
Oxidation of sodium hydrogenphosphate yields sodium ion, hydrogenperoxide ion, dihydrogenphosphate ion, tetraphosphorus decaoxide (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Oxidation of sodium hydrogenphosphate
- 5Na2HPO4Sodium hydrogenphosphate10Na+Sodium ion + 3HO2−Hydrogenperoxide ion + H2PO4−Dihydrogenphosphate ion + P4O10Tetraphosphorus decaoxide + 6e−Electron⟶
General equation
- Oxidation of oxidizable species
- ReactantReducing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + e−
Oxidation state of each atom
- Oxidation of sodium hydrogenphosphate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na2HPO4 | Sodium hydrogenphosphate | 5 | Reducing | – |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na+ | Sodium ion | 10 | – | – |
| HO2− | Hydrogenperoxide ion | 3 | Oxidized | – |
| H2PO4− | Dihydrogenphosphate ion | 1 | – | – |
| P4O10 | Tetraphosphorus decaoxide | 1 | – | – |
| e− | Electron | 6 | – | Electron |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Oxidation of sodium hydrogenphosphate◆
ΔrG 1416.0 kJ/mol K 0.85 × 10−248 pK 248.07
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 1699.4 | 1416.0 | 558.2 | – |
per 1 mol of | 339.88 | 283.20 | 111.6 | – |
per 1 mol of Sodium ion | 169.94 | 141.60 | 55.82 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogenperoxide ion | 566.47 | 472.00 | 186.1 | – |
per 1 mol of Dihydrogenphosphate ion | 1699.4 | 1416.0 | 558.2 | – |
per 1 mol of | 1699.4 | 1416.0 | 558.2 | – |
per 1 mol of Electron | 283.23 | 236.00 | 93.03 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na2HPO4 (cr) | -1748.1[1] | -1608.2[1] | 150.50[1] | 135.31[1] |
| Na2HPO4 (ai) | -1772.38[1] | -1612.98[1] | 84.5[1] | – |
| Na2HPO4 (cr) 2 hydrate | -2346.0[1] | -2088.5[1] | 221.3[1] | – |
| Na2HPO4 (cr) 7 hydrate | -3821.7[1] | -3279.8[1] | 434.59[1] | – |
| Na2HPO4 (cr) 12 hydrate | -5297.8[1] | -4467.8[1] | 633.83[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na+ (g) | 609.358[1] | – | – | – |
| Na+ (ao) | -240.12[1] | -261.905[1] | 59.0[1] | 46.4[1] |
| HO2− (ao) | -160.33[1] | -67.3[1] | 23.8[1] | – |
| H2PO4− (ao) | -1296.29[1] | -1130.28[1] | 90.4[1] | – |
| P4O10 (cr) hexagonal | -2984.0[1] | -2697.7[1] | 228.86[1] | 211.71[1] |
| P4O10 (am) | -3042[1] | – | – | – |
| e− | – | – | – | – |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (am):Amorphous solid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -1748.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1608.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 150.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 135.31 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1772.38 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1612.98 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 84.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2346.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2088.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 221.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3821.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -3279.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 434.59 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -5297.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -4467.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 633.83 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 609.358 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -240.12 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -261.905 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 59.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 46.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -160.33 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -67.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 23.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1296.29 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1130.28 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 90.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2984.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2697.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 228.86 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 211.71 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -3042. kJ · mol−1