6Na + 7NH4CN → 6NaCN + 8NH3↑ + CH4↑
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- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide
The reaction of and ammonium cyanide yields sodium cyanide, ammonia, and (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide
General equation
- Reaction of reducing species and reducible species
- Reducing speciesReducing agent + Reducible speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | Reducing | Reducing | ||
| NH4CN | Ammonium cyanide | 7 | Oxidizing | Reducible |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCN | Sodium cyanide | 6 | Oxidized | – |
| NH3 | Ammonia | 8 | – | – |
| 1 | Reduced | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −971.57 | – | – | −369 |
| −161.93 | – | – | −61.5 | |
per 1 mol of | −138.80 | – | – | −52.7 |
per 1 mol of | −161.93 | – | – | −61.5 |
per 1 mol of | −121.45 | – | – | −46.1 |
| −971.57 | – | – | −369 |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −991.13 | – | – | – |
| −165.19 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −141.59 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −165.19 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −123.89 | – | – | – |
| −991.13 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide◆
ΔrG −1370.3 kJ/mol K 1.16 × 10240 pK −240.07
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −1106.7 | −1370.3 | 884.7 | – |
| −184.45 | −228.38 | 147.5 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −158.10 | −195.76 | 126.4 | – |
per 1 mol of | −184.45 | −228.38 | 147.5 | – |
per 1 mol of | −138.34 | −171.29 | 110.6 | – |
| −1106.7 | −1370.3 | 884.7 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide◆
ΔrG −1353.9 kJ/mol K 1.56 × 10237 pK −237.19
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −1120.9 | −1353.9 | 782.1 | – |
| −186.82 | −225.65 | 130.3 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −160.13 | −193.41 | 111.7 | – |
per 1 mol of | −186.82 | −225.65 | 130.3 | – |
per 1 mol of | −140.11 | −169.24 | 97.76 | – |
| −1120.9 | −1353.9 | 782.1 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (3)
- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide◆
ΔrG −1450.7 kJ/mol K 1.42 × 10254 pK −254.15
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −1380.1 | −1450.7 | 235.5 | – |
| −230.02 | −241.78 | 39.25 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −197.16 | −207.24 | 33.64 | – |
per 1 mol of | −230.02 | −241.78 | 39.25 | – |
per 1 mol of | −172.51 | −181.34 | 29.44 | – |
| −1380.1 | −1450.7 | 235.5 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (4)
- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide◆
ΔrG −1434.3 kJ/mol K 1.90 × 10251 pK −251.28
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −1394.4 | −1434.3 | 132.9 | – |
| −232.40 | −239.05 | 22.15 | – | |
per 1 mol of | −199.20 | −204.90 | 18.99 | – |
per 1 mol of | −232.40 | −239.05 | 22.15 | – |
per 1 mol of | −174.30 | −179.29 | 16.61 | – |
| −1394.4 | −1434.3 | 132.9 | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (5)
- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −1206.1 | – | – | – |
| −201.02 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −172.30 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −201.02 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −150.76 | – | – | – |
| −1206.1 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (6)
- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −1220.3 | – | – | – |
| −203.38 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −174.33 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −203.38 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −152.54 | – | – | – |
| −1220.3 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (7)
- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −1479.5 | – | – | – |
| −246.58 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −211.36 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −246.58 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −184.94 | – | – | – |
| −1479.5 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (8)
- Reaction of and ammonium cyanide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −1493.8 | – | – | – |
| −248.97 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −213.40 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −248.97 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −186.72 | – | – | – |
| −1493.8 | – | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 51.21[1] | 28.24[1] |
| (g) | 107.32[1] | 76.761[1] | 153.712[1] | 20.786[1] |
| NH4CN (cr) | 0.42[1] | – | – | 134[1] |
| NH4CN (ai) | 18.0[1] | 93.0[1] | 207.5[1] | – |
| NH4CN (aq) | 32.2[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (aq):Aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCN (cr) cubic | -87.49[1] | -76.43[1] | 115.60[1] | 70.37[1] |
| NaCN (cr) orthorhombic | -90.75[1] | – | – | – |
| NaCN (g) | 109[1] | 79.94[1] | 249.43[1] | 51.17[1] |
| NaCN (ai) | -89.5[1] | -89.5[1] | 153.1[1] | – |
| NaCN (cr) 1/2 hydrate | -235.77[1] | – | – | – |
| NaCN (cr) 2 hydrate | -679.77[1] | – | – | – |
| NH3 (g) | -46.11[1] | -16.45[1] | 192.45[1] | 35.06[1] |
| NH3 (ao) | -80.29[1] | -26.50[1] | 111.3[1] | – |
| (g) | -74.81[1] | -50.72[1] | 186.264[1] | 35.309[1] |
| (ao) | -89.04[1] | -34.33[1] | 83.7[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 51.21 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 28.24 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 107.32 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 76.761 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 153.712 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0.42 kJ · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 134. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 18.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 93.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 207.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 32.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -87.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -76.43 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 115.60 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 70.37 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -90.75 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 109. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 79.94 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 249.43 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 51.17 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -89.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -89.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 153.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -235.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -679.77 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -46.11 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -16.45 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 192.45 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.06 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -80.29 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -26.50 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 111.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -74.81 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -50.72 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 186.264 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.309 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -89.04 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -34.33 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 83.7 J · K−1 · mol−1