7HCl + RbClO4 + H+ 🔥→ 4Cl2 + Rb+ + 4H2O
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- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and rubidium perchlorate under acidic condition
- 7HClHydrogen chloride + RbClO4Rubidium perchlorate + H+Hydrogen ion4 + Rb+Rubidium ion + 4H2OWater🔥⟶
The reaction of hydrogen chloride, rubidium perchlorate, and hydrogen ion yields , rubidium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and rubidium perchlorate under acidic condition
- 7HClHydrogen chloride + RbClO4Rubidium perchlorate + H+Hydrogen ion4 + Rb+Rubidium ion + 4H2OWater🔥⟶
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H+Non-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H2ONon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and rubidium perchlorate under acidic condition
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCl | Hydrogen chloride | 7 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| RbClO4 | Rubidium perchlorate | 1 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing under acidic condition |
| H+ | Hydrogen ion | 1 | – | Hydrogen ion |
Products
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and rubidium perchlorate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG −21.39 kJ/mol K 5.59 × 103 pK −3.75
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 156.11 | −21.39 | 594.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | 22.301 | −3.056 | 84.94 | – |
per 1 mol of | 156.11 | −21.39 | 594.6 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 156.11 | −21.39 | 594.6 | – |
| 39.028 | −5.348 | 148.7 | – | |
per 1 mol of Rubidium ion | 156.11 | −21.39 | 594.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | 39.028 | −5.348 | 148.7 | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of hydrogen chloride and rubidium perchlorate under acidic condition◆
ΔrG 6.37 kJ/mol K 0.77 × 10−1 pK 1.12
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 62.5 | 6.37 | 186 | – |
per 1 mol of | 8.93 | 0.910 | 26.6 | – |
per 1 mol of | 62.5 | 6.37 | 186 | – |
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion | 62.5 | 6.37 | 186 | – |
| 15.6 | 1.59 | 46.5 | – | |
per 1 mol of Rubidium ion | 62.5 | 6.37 | 186 | – |
per 1 mol of | 15.6 | 1.59 | 46.5 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCl (g) | -92.307[1] | -95.299[1] | 186.908[1] | 29.12[1] |
| HCl (ai) | -167.159[1] | -131.228[1] | 56.5[1] | -136.4[1] |
| RbClO4 (cr) | -437.23[1] | -306.90[1] | 161.1[1] | – |
| RbClO4 (ai) | -380.49[1] | -292.51[1] | 303.3[1] | – |
| H+ (g) | 1536.202[1] | – | – | – |
| H+ (ao) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] | 0[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (g) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 223.066[1] | 33.907[1] |
| (ao) | -23.4[1] | 6.94[1] | 121[1] | – |
| Rb+ (g) | 490.101[1] | – | – | – |
| Rb+ (ao) | -251.17[1] | -283.98[1] | 121.50[1] | – |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (cr):Crystalline solid, (l):Liquid
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -92.307 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -95.299 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 186.908 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 29.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -167.159 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -131.228 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 56.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -136.4 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -437.23 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -306.90 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 161.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -380.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -292.51 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 303.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 1536.202 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 223.066 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.907 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -23.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 6.94 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 121. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 490.101 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -251.17 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -283.98 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 121.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1