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7PbCl2 + 4KMnO4 + 4H^+ → 7PbO2 + 3Cl2↑ + 4MnCl2 + 4K^+ + 2H2O

7PbCl₂ + 4KMnO₄ + 4H⁺ → 7PbO₂ + 3Cl₂↑ + 4MnCl₂ + 4K⁺ + 2H₂O

Last updated: June 13, 2022

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition: 7PbCl₂Lead(II) chloride + 4KMnO₄Potassium permanganate + 4H⁺Hydrogen ion
⟶
7PbO₂Lead(IV) oxide + 3Cl₂↑Chlorine + 4MnCl₂Manganese(II) chloride + 4K⁺Potassium ion + 2H₂OWater

The reaction of lead(II) chloride, potassium permanganate, and hydrogen ion yields lead(IV) oxide, chlorine, manganese(II) chloride, potassium ion, and water (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition

Table of contents

Reaction data

Chemical equation

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition: 7PbCl₂Lead(II) chloride + 4KMnO₄Potassium permanganate + 4H⁺Hydrogen ion
⟶
7PbO₂Lead(IV) oxide + 3Cl₂↑Chlorine + 4MnCl₂Manganese(II) chloride + 4K⁺Potassium ion + 2H₂OWater

General equation

Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species under acidic condition: Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent + H⁺Non-redox agent
⟶
ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product + H₂ONon-redox product

Oxidation state of each atom

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition

Reactants

Chemical formula	Name	Coefficient	Type	Type in general equation
PbCl₂	Lead(II) chloride	7	Reducing	Hardly oxidizable
KMnO₄	Potassium permanganate	4	Oxidizing	Oxidizing under acidic condition
H⁺	Hydrogen ion	4	–	Hydrogen ion

Products

Chemical formula	Name	Coefficient	Type	Type in general equation
PbO₂	Lead(IV) oxide	7	Oxidized	–
Cl₂	Chlorine	3	Oxidized	–
MnCl₂	Manganese(II) chloride	4	Reduced	–
K⁺	Potassium ion	4	–	–
H₂O	Water	2	–	Water

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −161.8 kJ/mol K 2.22 × 10²⁸ pK −28.35: 7PbCl₂Ionized aqueous solution + 4KMnO₄Ionized aqueous solution + 4H⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution
⟶
7PbO₂Crystalline solid + 3Cl₂↑Gas + 4MnCl₂Ionized aqueous solution + 4K⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2H₂OLiquid

	Standard enthalpy of reaction Δ_rH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of reaction Δ_rG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard entropy of reaction Δ_rS° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure Δ_rC_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
per 1 mol of Equation	−216.0	−161.8	−183.8	–
per 1 mol of Lead(II) chloride	−30.86	−23.11	−26.26	–
per 1 mol of Potassium permanganate	−54.00	−40.45	−45.95	–
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion	−54.00	−40.45	−45.95	–
per 1 mol of Lead(IV) oxide	−30.86	−23.11	−26.26	–
per 1 mol of Chlorine	−72.00	−53.93	−61.27	–
per 1 mol of Manganese(II) chloride	−54.00	−40.45	−45.95	–
per 1 mol of Potassium ion	−54.00	−40.45	−45.95	–
per 1 mol of Water	−108.0	−80.90	−91.90	–

Changes in standard condition (2)

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −166.6 kJ/mol K 1.54 × 10²⁹ pK −29.19: 7PbCl₂Ionized aqueous solution + 4KMnO₄Ionized aqueous solution + 4H⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution
⟶
7PbO₂Crystalline solid + 3Cl₂↑Gas + 4MnCl₂Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4K⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2H₂OLiquid

	Standard enthalpy of reaction Δ_rH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of reaction Δ_rG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard entropy of reaction Δ_rS° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure Δ_rC_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
per 1 mol of Equation	–	−166.6	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(II) chloride	–	−23.80	–	–
per 1 mol of Potassium permanganate	–	−41.65	–	–
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion	–	−41.65	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(IV) oxide	–	−23.80	–	–
per 1 mol of Chlorine	–	−55.53	–	–
per 1 mol of Manganese(II) chloride	–	−41.65	–	–
per 1 mol of Potassium ion	–	−41.65	–	–
per 1 mol of Water	–	−83.30	–	–

Changes in standard condition (3)

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −141.0 kJ/mol K 5.04 × 10²⁴ pK −24.70: 7PbCl₂Ionized aqueous solution + 4KMnO₄Ionized aqueous solution + 4H⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution
⟶
7PbO₂Crystalline solid + 3Cl₂↑Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4MnCl₂Ionized aqueous solution + 4K⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2H₂OLiquid

	Standard enthalpy of reaction Δ_rH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of reaction Δ_rG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard entropy of reaction Δ_rS° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure Δ_rC_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
per 1 mol of Equation	−286.2	−141.0	−490	–
per 1 mol of Lead(II) chloride	−40.89	−20.14	−70.0	–
per 1 mol of Potassium permanganate	−71.55	−35.25	−123	–
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion	−71.55	−35.25	−123	–
per 1 mol of Lead(IV) oxide	−40.89	−20.14	−70.0	–
per 1 mol of Chlorine	−95.40	−47.00	−163	–
per 1 mol of Manganese(II) chloride	−71.55	−35.25	−123	–
per 1 mol of Potassium ion	−71.55	−35.25	−123	–
per 1 mol of Water	−143.1	−70.50	−245	–

Changes in standard condition (4)

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −145.8 kJ/mol K 3.49 × 10²⁵ pK −25.54: 7PbCl₂Ionized aqueous solution + 4KMnO₄Ionized aqueous solution + 4H⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution
⟶
7PbO₂Crystalline solid + 3Cl₂↑Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4MnCl₂Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4K⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2H₂OLiquid

	Standard enthalpy of reaction Δ_rH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of reaction Δ_rG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard entropy of reaction Δ_rS° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure Δ_rC_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
per 1 mol of Equation	–	−145.8	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(II) chloride	–	−20.83	–	–
per 1 mol of Potassium permanganate	–	−36.45	–	–
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion	–	−36.45	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(IV) oxide	–	−20.83	–	–
per 1 mol of Chlorine	–	−48.60	–	–
per 1 mol of Manganese(II) chloride	–	−36.45	–	–
per 1 mol of Potassium ion	–	−36.45	–	–
per 1 mol of Water	–	−72.90	–	–

Changes in standard condition (5)

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −89.7 kJ/mol K 5.19 × 10¹⁵ pK −15.71: 7PbCl₂Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4KMnO₄Ionized aqueous solution + 4H⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution
⟶
7PbO₂Crystalline solid + 3Cl₂↑Gas + 4MnCl₂Ionized aqueous solution + 4K⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2H₂OLiquid

	Standard enthalpy of reaction Δ_rH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of reaction Δ_rG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard entropy of reaction Δ_rS° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure Δ_rC_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
per 1 mol of Equation	–	−89.7	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(II) chloride	–	−12.8	–	–
per 1 mol of Potassium permanganate	–	−22.4	–	–
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion	–	−22.4	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(IV) oxide	–	−12.8	–	–
per 1 mol of Chlorine	–	−29.9	–	–
per 1 mol of Manganese(II) chloride	–	−22.4	–	–
per 1 mol of Potassium ion	–	−22.4	–	–
per 1 mol of Water	–	−44.9	–	–

Changes in standard condition (6)

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −94.5 kJ/mol K 3.59 × 10¹⁶ pK −16.56: 7PbCl₂Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4KMnO₄Ionized aqueous solution + 4H⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution
⟶
7PbO₂Crystalline solid + 3Cl₂↑Gas + 4MnCl₂Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4K⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2H₂OLiquid

	Standard enthalpy of reaction Δ_rH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of reaction Δ_rG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard entropy of reaction Δ_rS° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure Δ_rC_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
per 1 mol of Equation	–	−94.5	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(II) chloride	–	−13.5	–	–
per 1 mol of Potassium permanganate	–	−23.6	–	–
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion	–	−23.6	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(IV) oxide	–	−13.5	–	–
per 1 mol of Chlorine	–	−31.5	–	–
per 1 mol of Manganese(II) chloride	–	−23.6	–	–
per 1 mol of Potassium ion	–	−23.6	–	–
per 1 mol of Water	–	−47.3	–	–

Changes in standard condition (7)

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −68.9 kJ/mol K 1.18 × 10¹² pK −12.07: 7PbCl₂Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4KMnO₄Ionized aqueous solution + 4H⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution
⟶
7PbO₂Crystalline solid + 3Cl₂↑Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4MnCl₂Ionized aqueous solution + 4K⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2H₂OLiquid

	Standard enthalpy of reaction Δ_rH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of reaction Δ_rG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard entropy of reaction Δ_rS° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure Δ_rC_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
per 1 mol of Equation	–	−68.9	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(II) chloride	–	−9.84	–	–
per 1 mol of Potassium permanganate	–	−17.2	–	–
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion	–	−17.2	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(IV) oxide	–	−9.84	–	–
per 1 mol of Chlorine	–	−23.0	–	–
per 1 mol of Manganese(II) chloride	–	−17.2	–	–
per 1 mol of Potassium ion	–	−17.2	–	–
per 1 mol of Water	–	−34.5	–	–

Changes in standard condition (8)

Reaction of lead(II) chloride and potassium permanganate under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −73.7 kJ/mol K 8.16 × 10¹² pK −12.91: 7PbCl₂Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4KMnO₄Ionized aqueous solution + 4H⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution
⟶
7PbO₂Crystalline solid + 3Cl₂↑Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4MnCl₂Un-ionized aqueous solution + 4K⁺Un-ionized aqueous solution + 2H₂OLiquid

	Standard enthalpy of reaction Δ_rH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of reaction Δ_rG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard entropy of reaction Δ_rS° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure Δ_rC_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
per 1 mol of Equation	–	−73.7	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(II) chloride	–	−10.5	–	–
per 1 mol of Potassium permanganate	–	−18.4	–	–
per 1 mol of Hydrogen ion	–	−18.4	–	–
per 1 mol of Lead(IV) oxide	–	−10.5	–	–
per 1 mol of Chlorine	–	−24.6	–	–
per 1 mol of Manganese(II) chloride	–	−18.4	–	–
per 1 mol of Potassium ion	–	−18.4	–	–
per 1 mol of Water	–	−36.9	–	–

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Chemical formula	Standard enthalpy of formation Δ_fH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of formation Δ_fG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard molar entropy S° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
PbCl₂ (cr)	-359.41^[1]	-314.10^[1]	136.0^[1]	–
PbCl₂ (ai)	-336.0^[1]	-286.86^[1]	123.4^[1]	–
PbCl₂ (ao)	–	-297.16^[1]	–	–
KMnO₄ (cr)	-837.2^[1]	-737.6^[1]	171.71^[1]	117.57^[1]
KMnO₄ (ai)	-793.8^[1]	-730.5^[1]	293.7^[1]	-60.2^[1]
H⁺ (g)	1536.202^[1]	–	–	–
H⁺ (ao)	0^[1]	0^[1]	0^[1]	0^[1]

* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (g):Gas

Thermodynamic data of products

Chemical formula	Standard enthalpy of formation Δ_fH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of formation Δ_fG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard molar entropy S° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
PbO₂ (cr)	-277.4^[1]	-217.33^[1]	68.6^[1]	64.64^[1]
Cl₂ (g)	0^[1]	0^[1]	223.066^[1]	33.907^[1]
Cl₂ (ao)	-23.4^[1]	6.94^[1]	121^[1]	–
MnCl₂ (cr)	-481.29^[1]	-440.50^[1]	118.24^[1]	72.93^[1]
MnCl₂ (g)	-263.6^[1]	–	–	–
MnCl₂ (ai)	-555.05^[1]	-490.8^[1]	38.9^[1]	-222^[1]
MnCl₂ (ao)	–	-492.0^[1]	–	–
MnCl₂ (cr) 1 hydrate	-789.9^[1]	-696.1^[1]	174.1^[1]	–
MnCl₂ (cr) 2 hydrate	-1092.0^[1]	-942.1^[1]	218.8^[1]	–
MnCl₂ (cr) 4 hydrate	-1687.4^[1]	-1423.6^[1]	303.3^[1]	–
K⁺ (g)	514.26^[1]	–	–	–
K⁺ (ao)	-252.38^[1]	-283.27^[1]	102.5^[1]	21.8^[1]
H₂O (cr)	–	–	–	–
H₂O (l)	-285.830^[1]	-237.129^[1]	69.91^[1]	75.291^[1]
H₂O (g)	-241.818^[1]	-228.572^[1]	188.825^[1]	33.577^[1]

* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid

References

List of references

1
Janiel J. Reed (1989)
The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
https://doi.org/10.18434/M32124
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Citation list

Δ_rG	−161.8 kJ/mol
K	2.22 × 10²⁸
pK	−28.35

Δ_rG	−166.6 kJ/mol
K	1.54 × 10²⁹
pK	−29.19

Δ_rG	−141.0 kJ/mol
K	5.04 × 10²⁴
pK	−24.70

Δ_rG	−145.8 kJ/mol
K	3.49 × 10²⁵
pK	−25.54

7PbCl2 + 4KMnO4 + 4H+ → 7PbO2 + 3Cl2↑ + 4MnCl2 + 4K+ + 2H2O

Reaction data

Chemical equation

General equation

Oxidation state of each atom

Reactants

Products

Thermodynamic changes

Changes in standard condition (1)

Changes in standard condition (2)

Changes in standard condition (3)

Changes in standard condition (4)

Changes in standard condition (5)

Changes in standard condition (6)

Changes in standard condition (7)

Changes in standard condition (8)

Thermodynamic data of reactants

Thermodynamic data of products

References

List of references

Related reactions

Reactions with same reactants

Related categories

Type of reaction

General equation

Reactant

Product

7PbCl₂ + 4KMnO₄ + 4H⁺ → 7PbO₂ + 3Cl₂↑ + 4MnCl₂ + 4K⁺ + 2H₂O