8P + 15LiOH → 3Li3PO4 + 5PH3↑ + 3Li2O
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- Reaction of and lithium hydroxide
The reaction of and lithium hydroxide yields lithium phosphate, , and lithium oxide. This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of and lithium hydroxide
General equation
- Reaction of self redoxing species and base
- Self-redoxing speciesSelf redox agent + BaseNon-redox agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
- Self redox agent + Hydroxide base ⟶ Oxoacid saltOxidation product + Salt of hydracid/HydrideReduction product + OxideNon-redox product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of and lithium hydroxide
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | – | Self redoxing Nonmetal | ||
| LiOH | Lithium hydroxide | 15 | – | Base Hydroxide base |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li3PO4 | Lithium phosphate | 3 | Oxidized | – Oxoacid salt |
| 5 | Reduced | – Hydride | ||
| Li2O | Lithium oxide | 3 | – | – Oxide |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition (1)
- Reaction of and lithium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −780.3 | – | – | – |
| −97.54 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −52.02 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −260.1 | – | – | – |
| −156.1 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −260.1 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (2)
- Reaction of and lithium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −639.5 | – | – | – |
| −79.94 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −42.63 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −213.2 | – | – | – |
| −127.9 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −213.2 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (3)
- Reaction of and lithium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −465.9 | – | – | – |
| −58.24 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −31.06 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −155.3 | – | – | – |
| −93.18 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −155.3 | – | – | – |
Changes in standard condition (4)
- Reaction of and lithium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −720.3 | – | – | – |
| −90.04 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −48.02 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −240.1 | – | – | – |
| −144.1 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −240.1 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Reaction of and lithium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −427.0 | – | – | – |
| −53.38 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −28.47 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −142.3 | – | – | – |
| −85.40 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −142.3 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Reaction of and lithium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −501.5 | – | – | – |
| −62.69 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −33.43 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −167.2 | – | – | – |
| −100.3 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −167.2 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (3)
- Reaction of and lithium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −428.2 | – | – | – |
| −53.52 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −28.55 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −142.7 | – | – | – |
| −85.64 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −142.7 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (4)
- Reaction of and lithium hydroxide
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | −502.7 | – | – | – |
| −62.84 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −33.51 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | −167.6 | – | – | – |
| −100.5 | – | – | – | |
per 1 mol of | −167.6 | – | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) white | 0[1] | 0[1] | 41.09[1] | 23.84[1] |
| (cr) red, triclinic | -17.6[1] | -12.1[1] | 22.80[1] | 21.21[1] |
| (cr) black | -39.3[1] | – | – | – |
| (am) red | -7.5[1] | – | – | – |
| (g) | 314.64[1] | 278.25[1] | 163.193[1] | 20.786[1] |
| LiOH (cr) | -484.93[1] | -438.95[1] | 42.80[1] | 49.66[1] |
| LiOH (g) | -238.1[1] | -242.3[1] | 210.90[1] | 46.02[1] |
| LiOH (ai) | -508.48[1] | -450.58[1] | 2.80[1] | -79.9[1] |
| LiOH (ao) | -508.4[1] | -451.8[1] | 7.1[1] | – |
| LiOH (cr) 1 hydrate | -788.01[1] | -680.95[1] | 71.21[1] | 79.50[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (am):Amorphous solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li3PO4 (cr) | -2095.8[1] | – | – | – |
| (g) | 5.4[1] | 13.4[1] | 210.23[1] | 37.11[1] |
| (ao) | -9.50[1] | 25.36[1] | 120.1[1] | – |
| Li2O (cr) | -597.94[1] | -561.18[1] | 37.57[1] | 54.10[1] |
| Li2O (g) | -160.7[1] | -181.6[1] | 231.48[1] | 49.83[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 41.09 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 23.84 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -17.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -12.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 22.80 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 21.21 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -39.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -7.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 314.64 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 278.25 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 163.193 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -484.93 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -438.95 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 42.80 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 49.66 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -238.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -242.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 210.90 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 46.02 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -508.48 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -450.58 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 2.80 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -79.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -508.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -451.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 7.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -788.01 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -680.95 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 71.21 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 79.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2095.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 5.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 13.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 210.23 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 37.11 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -9.50 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 25.36 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 120.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -597.94 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -561.18 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 37.57 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 54.10 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -160.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -181.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 231.48 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 49.83 J · K−1 · mol−1