8NaCl + 8KBrO3 🔥→ 4Na2O + 5KClO4 + 4Br2 + 3KCl
Last updated:
- Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium bromate
The reaction of sodium chloride and potassium bromate yields sodium oxide, potassium perchlorate, , and potassium chloride (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium bromate
General equation
- Reaction of hardly oxidizable species and oxidizing species
- Hardly oxidizable speciesReducing agent + Oxidizing speciesOxidizing agent ⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium bromate
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl | Sodium chloride | 8 | Reducing | Hardly oxidizable |
| KBrO3 | Potassium bromate | 8 | Oxidizing | Oxidizing |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na2O | Sodium oxide | 4 | – | – |
| KClO4 | Potassium perchlorate | 5 | Oxidized | – |
| 4 | Reduced | – | ||
| KCl | Potassium chloride | 3 | – | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium bromate◆
ΔrG 997.67 kJ/mol K 0.16 × 10−174 pK 174.78
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 1040.27 | 997.67 | 141.6 | 49.52 |
per 1 mol of | 130.034 | 124.71 | 17.70 | 6.190 |
per 1 mol of | 130.034 | 124.71 | 17.70 | 6.190 |
per 1 mol of | 260.067 | 249.42 | 35.40 | 12.38 |
per 1 mol of | 208.054 | 199.53 | 28.32 | 9.904 |
| 260.067 | 249.42 | 35.40 | 12.38 | |
per 1 mol of | 346.757 | 332.56 | 47.20 | 16.51 |
Changes in aqueous solution
- Reaction of sodium chloride and potassium bromate◆
ΔrG 1073.88 kJ/mol K 0.73 × 10−188 pK 188.14
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 979.38 | 1073.88 | −316.0 | – |
per 1 mol of | 122.42 | 134.235 | −39.50 | – |
per 1 mol of | 122.42 | 134.235 | −39.50 | – |
per 1 mol of | 244.84 | 268.470 | −79.00 | – |
per 1 mol of | 195.88 | 214.776 | −63.20 | – |
| 244.84 | 268.470 | −79.00 | – | |
per 1 mol of | 326.46 | 357.960 | −105.3 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl (cr) | -411.153[1] | -384.138[1] | 72.13[1] | 50.50[1] |
| NaCl (g) | -176.65[1] | -196.66[1] | 229.81[1] | 35.77[1] |
| NaCl (ai) | -407.27[1] | -393.133[1] | 115.5[1] | -90.0[1] |
| KBrO3 (cr) | -360.24[1] | -271.16[1] | 149.16[1] | 105.19[1] |
| KBrO3 (ai) | -319.45[1] | -264.67[1] | 264.22[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na2O (cr) | -414.22[1] | -375.46[1] | 75.06[1] | 69.12[1] |
| Na2O (g) | -35.6[1] | -52.3[1] | 261.2[1] | 55.2[1] |
| KClO4 (cr) | -432.75[1] | -303.09[1] | 151.0[1] | 112.38[1] |
| KClO4 (ai) | -381.71[1] | -291.79[1] | 284.5[1] | – |
| (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| (l) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 152.231[1] | 75.689[1] |
| (g) | 30.907[1] | 3.110[1] | 245.463[1] | 36.02[1] |
| (ao) | -2.59[1] | 3.93[1] | 130.5[1] | – |
| KCl (cr) | -436.747[1] | -409.14[1] | 82.59[1] | 51.30[1] |
| KCl (g) | -214.14[1] | -233.0[1] | 239.10[1] | 36.48[1] |
| KCl (ai) | -419.53[1] | -414.49[1] | 159.0[1] | -114.6[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -411.153 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -384.138 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 72.13 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 50.50 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -176.65 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -196.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 229.81 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 35.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -407.27 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -393.133 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 115.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -90.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -360.24 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -271.16 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 149.16 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 105.19 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -319.45 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -264.67 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 264.22 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -414.22 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -375.46 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 75.06 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 69.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -35.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -52.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 261.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 55.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -432.75 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -303.09 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 151.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 112.38 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -381.71 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -291.79 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 284.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 152.231 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.689 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 30.907 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 3.110 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 245.463 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 36.02 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2.59 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 3.93 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 130.5 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -436.747 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -409.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 82.59 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 51.30 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -214.14 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -233.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 239.10 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 36.48 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -419.53 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -414.49 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 159.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -114.6 J · K−1 · mol−1