Ni(NO3)2 + 3H2O 💧⚡→ NiO + 2NH2OH + 2O3↑
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- Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate with water as non-redox agent
Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate yields nickel(II) oxide, hydroxylamine, and (Other reactions are here). This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate with water as non-redox agent
General equation
- Electrolysis of aqueous solution with water as non redox agent
- Miscible with water/Very soluble in water/Soluble in waterSelf redox agent + H2ONon-redox agent💧⚡⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate with water as non-redox agent
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ni(NO3)2 | Nickel(II) nitrate | 1 | Self redox agent | Very soluble in water |
| H2O | Water | 3 | – | Water |
Products
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NiO | Nickel(II) oxide | 1 | – | – |
| NH2OH | Hydroxylamine | 2 | Reduced | – |
| 2 | Oxidized | – |
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate with water as non-redox agent
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 1089.9 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 1089.9 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 363.30 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 1089.9 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of Hydroxylamine | 544.95 | – | – | – |
| 544.95 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate with water as non-redox agent
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 1175.2 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 1175.2 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 391.73 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 1175.2 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of Hydroxylamine | 587.60 | – | – | – |
| 587.60 | – | – | – |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Electrolysis of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate with water as non-redox agent
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 1141.6 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 1141.6 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 380.53 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of | 1141.6 | – | – | – |
per 1 mol of Hydroxylamine | 570.80 | – | – | – |
| 570.80 | – | – | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ni(NO3)2 (cr) | -415.1[1] | – | – | – |
| Ni(NO3)2 (ai) | -468.6[1] | -268.5[1] | 164.0[1] | – |
| Ni(NO3)2 (cr) 3 hydrate | -1326.3[1] | – | – | – |
| Ni(NO3)2 (cr) 6 hydrate | -2211.7[1] | – | – | 464[1] |
| H2O (cr) | – | – | – | – |
| H2O (l) | -285.830[1] | -237.129[1] | 69.91[1] | 75.291[1] |
| H2O (g) | -241.818[1] | -228.572[1] | 188.825[1] | 33.577[1] |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution, (l):Liquid, (g):Gas
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NiO (cr) | -239.7[1] | -211.7[1] | 37.99[1] | 44.31[1] |
| NiO (g) | 314[1] | – | – | – |
| NH2OH (cr) | -114.2[1] | – | – | – |
| NH2OH (aq) | -98.3[1] | – | – | – |
| (g) | 142.7[1] | 163.2[1] | 238.93[1] | 39.20[1] |
| (ao) | 125.9[1] | 174.1[1] | 146[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (aq):Aqueous solution, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -415.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -468.6 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -268.5 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 164.0 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1326.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2211.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 464. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -285.830 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -237.129 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.91 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.291 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -241.818 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -228.572 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 188.825 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.577 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -239.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -211.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 37.99 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 44.31 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 314. kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -114.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -98.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 142.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 163.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 238.93 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 39.20 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 125.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 174.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 146. J · K−1 · mol−1