2LiCl 🔥⚡→ 2Li + Cl2↑
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- Molten salt electrolysis of lithium chloride
Molten salt electrolysis of lithium chloride yields and . This reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction and is classified as follows:
Table of contents
Reaction data
Chemical equation
- Molten salt electrolysis of lithium chloride
General equation
- Molten salt electrolysis
- SaltSelf redox agent🔥⚡⟶ ProductOxidation product + ProductReduction product
Oxidation state of each atom
- Molten salt electrolysis of lithium chloride
Reactants
| Chemical formula | Name | Coefficient | Type | Type in general equation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LiCl | Lithium chloride | 2 | Self redox agent | Salt |
Products
Thermodynamic changes
Changes in standard condition
- Molten salt electrolysis of lithium chloride◆
ΔrG 768.74 kJ/mol K 0.21 × 10−134 pK 134.68
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 817.22 | 768.74 | 162.65 | −12.53 |
per 1 mol of | 408.61 | 384.37 | 81.325 | −6.265 |
| 408.61 | 384.37 | 81.325 | −6.265 | |
| 817.22 | 768.74 | 162.65 | −12.53 |
Changes in aqueous solution (1)
- Molten salt electrolysis of lithium chloride◆
ΔrG 849.16 kJ/mol K 0.17 × 10−148 pK 148.77
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 891.28 | 849.16 | 141.5 | 219.0 |
per 1 mol of | 445.64 | 424.58 | 70.75 | 109.5 |
| 445.64 | 424.58 | 70.75 | 109.5 | |
| 891.28 | 849.16 | 141.5 | 219.0 |
Changes in aqueous solution (2)
- Molten salt electrolysis of lithium chloride◆
ΔrG 856.10 kJ/mol K 0.10 × 10−149 pK 149.98
| Standard enthalpy of reaction ΔrH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of reaction ΔrG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard entropy of reaction ΔrS° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard heat capacity of reaction at constant pressure ΔrCp° J · K−1 · mol−1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
per 1 mol of Equation | 867.9 | 856.10 | 39 | – |
per 1 mol of | 433.9 | 428.05 | 20 | – |
| 433.9 | 428.05 | 20 | – | |
| 867.9 | 856.10 | 39 | – |
Thermodynamic data of reactants
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LiCl (cr) | -408.61[1] | -384.37[1] | 59.33[1] | 47.99[1] |
| LiCl (g) | -195.4[1] | -216.7[1] | 212.824[1] | 33.22[1] |
| LiCl (ai) | -445.64[1] | -424.58[1] | 69.9[1] | -67.8[1] |
| LiCl (cr) 1 hydrate | -712.58[1] | -631.80[1] | 102.84[1] | – |
| LiCl (cr) 2 hydrate | -1012.65[1] | – | – | – |
| LiCl (cr) 3 hydrate | -1311.3[1] | – | – | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ai):Ionized aqueous solution
Thermodynamic data of products
| Chemical formula | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cr) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 29.12[1] | 24.77[1] |
| (g) | 159.37[1] | 126.66[1] | 138.77[1] | 20.786[1] |
| (g) | 0[1] | 0[1] | 223.066[1] | 33.907[1] |
| (ao) | -23.4[1] | 6.94[1] | 121[1] | – |
* (cr):Crystalline solid, (g):Gas, (ao):Un-ionized aqueous solution
References
List of references
- 1Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -408.61 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -384.37 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 59.33 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 47.99 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -195.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -216.7 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 212.824 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.22 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -445.64 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -424.58 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 69.9 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, -67.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -712.58 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -631.80 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 102.84 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1012.65 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1311.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 29.12 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 24.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 159.37 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 126.66 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 138.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 20.786 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 223.066 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 33.907 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -23.4 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, 6.94 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 121. J · K−1 · mol−1