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Iron(II) carbonate

Iron(II) carbonate

Last updated: March 19, 2023

Iron(II) carbonate is an inorganic compound with formula FeCO₃.

Table of contents

Names

List of substance names

Nomenclature

Name

Typical name: Iron(II) carbonate

Compositional nomenclature: Iron(II) carbonate

Additive nomenclature: Iron(2+) trioxidocarbonate(2−)

Other names: Ferrous carbonate

Formulae and structures

List of formulae

Formula name

Formula

Typical formula: FeCO₃

Compositional formula: FeCO₃

Structural formula

Structural formula with no conjugation

Lewis structure

Colored Lewis structure

Properties

List of substance properties

Item

Value

Name: Iron(II) carbonate

Formula: FeCO₃

Appearance: Pale green solid

Odor: Odorless

Molar mass: 115.853 g/mol

Density: 3.9 g/cm³^[1]
Solid

Melting point: –

Boiling point: –

Constituents

Constituent ions

Ion	Name	Charge number	Number
Fe²⁺	Iron(II) ion	2	1
CO₃²⁻	Carbonate ion	-2	1

Constituent atoms

Atom	Name	Oxidation state	Number
Fe	Iron	+2	1
C	Carbon	+4	1
O	Oxygen	−2	3

Ratio of atoms

Atom	Atomic weight	Number	Atomic ratio	Weight ratio
Fe	55.845	1	20.00%	48.20%
C	12.011	1	20.00%	10.37%
O	15.999	3	60.00%	41.43%

Thermodynamic properties

Phase transition properties

Item

Value

Enthalpy of fusion: –

Enthalpy of vaporization: –

Enthalpy of vaporization at 25°C: –

Enthalpy of other transition: –

Standard thermodynamic properties

State	Standard enthalpy of formation Δ_fH° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard Gibbs energy of formation Δ_fG° kJ · mol⁻¹	Standard molar entropy S° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹	Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure C_p° J · K⁻¹ · mol⁻¹
Crystalline solid siderite	−740.57^[2]	−666.67^[2]	92.9^[2]	82.13^[2]

Solubility

Qualitative solubility

Reactive

Miscible

Very soluble

Soluble: HA^[1]Acid

Slightly soluble

Very slightly soluble: H₂O^[1]Water

Insoluble

Solubility in water (g/100 g)^[1]

18°C
0.072

Solubility curve (g/100 g)

Preparations

Precipitation reaction

When iron(II) ion and carbonate ion react in aqueous solution, a precipitate of iron(II) carbonate is formed.

Reaction of iron(II) chloride and sodium carbonate ◆ Δ_rG −88.21 kJ/mol K 2.84 × 10¹⁵ pK −15.45: FeCl₂Iron(II) chloride + Na₂CO₃Sodium carbonate
💧
⟶
FeCO₃↓Iron(II) carbonate + 2NaClSodium chloride

Reaction of iron(II) bromide and sodium carbonate ◆ Δ_rG −82.1 kJ/mol K 2.42 × 10¹⁴ pK −14.38: FeBr₂Iron(II) bromide + Na₂CO₃Sodium carbonate
💧
⟶
FeCO₃↓Iron(II) carbonate + 2NaBrSodium bromide

Reaction of iron(II) iodide and sodium carbonate ◆ Δ_rG −59.92 kJ/mol K 3.14 × 10¹⁰ pK −10.50: FeI₂Iron(II) iodide + Na₂CO₃Sodium carbonate
💧
⟶
FeCO₃↓Iron(II) carbonate + 2NaISodium iodide

Reaction of iron(II) chloride and potassium carbonate ◆ Δ_rG −119.2 kJ/mol K 7.64 × 10²⁰ pK −20.88: FeCl₂Iron(II) chloride + K₂CO₃Potassium carbonate
💧
⟶
FeCO₃↓Iron(II) carbonate + 2KClPotassium chloride

Reaction of iron(II) bromide and potassium carbonate ◆ Δ_rG −126.4 kJ/mol K 1.39 × 10²² pK −22.14: FeBr₂Iron(II) bromide + K₂CO₃Potassium carbonate
💧
⟶
FeCO₃↓Iron(II) carbonate + 2KBrPotassium bromide

Reaction of active metal and acid

The reaction of iron and carbonic acid yields iron(II) carbonate and hydrogen.

Reaction of iron and carbonic acid ◆ Δ_rG −43.59 kJ/mol K 4.33 × 10⁷ pK −7.64: FeIron + H₂CO₃Carbonic acid
⟶
FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + H₂↑Hydrogen

Reaction of active metal, acidic oxide, and water

The reaction of iron, carbon dioxide, and water yields iron(II) carbonate and hydrogen.

Reaction of iron, carbon dioxide, and water ◆ Δ_rG −35.18 kJ/mol K 1.46 × 10⁶ pK −6.16: FeIron + CO₂Carbon dioxide + H₂OWater
⟶
FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + H₂Hydrogen

Chemical reactions

Electrolytic dissociation

Electrolytic dissociation of iron(II) carbonate yields iron(II) ion and carbonate ion.

Electrolytic dissociation of iron(II) carbonate ◆ Δ_rG 59.96 kJ/mol K 0.31 × 10⁻¹⁰ pK 10.50: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate
⟶
Fe²⁺Iron(II) ion + CO₃²⁻Carbonate ion

Reaction with strong acid

The reaction of iron(II) carbonate and strong acid yields salt of strong acid and carbonic acid.

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and hydrogen chloride ◆ Δ_rG −76.52 kJ/mol K 2.55 × 10¹³ pK −13.41: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + 2HClHydrogen chloride
⟶
FeCl₂Iron(II) chloride + CO₂Carbon dioxide + H₂OWater

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and hydrogen bromide ◆ Δ_rG −96.0 kJ/mol K 6.58 × 10¹⁶ pK −16.82: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + 2HBrHydrogen bromide
⟶
FeBr₂Iron(II) bromide + CO₂Carbon dioxide + H₂OWater

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and hydrogen iodide ◆ Δ_rG −43.73 kJ/mol K 4.58 × 10⁷ pK −7.66: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + 2HIHydrogen iodide
⟶
FeI₂Iron(II) iodide + CO₂Carbon dioxide + H₂OWater

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and sulfuric acid ◆ Δ_rG −95.6 kJ/mol K 5.60 × 10¹⁶ pK −16.75: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + H₂SO₄Sulfuric acid
⟶
FeSO₄Iron(II) sulfate + CO₂↑Carbon dioxide + H₂OWater

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and nitric acid: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + 2HNO₃Nitric acid
⟶
Fe(NO₃)₂Iron(II) nitrate + CO₂↑Carbon dioxide + H₂OWater

Reaction with strong base

The reaction of iron(II) carbonate and strong base yields salt of strong base and iron(II) hydroxide.

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and sodium hydroxide ◆ Δ_rG −105.3 kJ/mol K 2.80 × 10¹⁸ pK −18.45: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + 2NaOHSodium hydroxide
⟶
Na₂CO₃Sodium carbonate + Fe(OH)₂Iron(II) hydroxide

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and magnesium hydroxide ◆ Δ_rG 1.6 kJ/mol K 0.52 × 10⁰ pK 0.28: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + Mg(OH)₂Magnesium hydroxide
🔥
⟶
MgCO₃Magnesium carbonate + Fe(OH)₂Iron(II) hydroxide

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and potassium hydroxide ◆ Δ_rG −125.2 kJ/mol K 8.59 × 10²¹ pK −21.93: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + 2KOHPotassium hydroxide
⟶
K₂CO₃Potassium carbonate + Fe(OH)₂Iron(II) hydroxide

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and calcium hydroxide ◆ Δ_rG −49.1 kJ/mol K 4.00 × 10⁸ pK −8.60: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + Ca(OH)₂Calcium hydroxide
⟶
CaCO₃Calcium carbonate + Fe(OH)₂Iron(II) hydroxide

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and strontium hydroxide: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + Sr(OH)₂Strontium hydroxide
⟶
SrCO₃Strontium carbonate + Fe(OH)₂Iron(II) hydroxide

Reaction with nonvolatile acid

The reaction of iron(II) carbonate and nonvolatile acid yields salt of non volatile acid and carbonic acid.

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and phosphoric acid: 3FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + 2H₃PO₄Phosphoric acid
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⟶
Fe₃(PO₄)₂Iron(II) phosphate + 3CO₂↑Carbon dioxide + 3H₂OWater

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and phosphoric acid: 3FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + 2H₃PO₄Phosphoric acid
⟶
Fe₃(PO₄)₂Iron(II) phosphate + 3H₂CO₃Carbonic acid

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and metasilicic acid: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + H₂SiO₃Metasilicic acid
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⟶
FeSiO₃Iron(II) metasilicate + CO₂↑Carbon dioxide + H₂OWater

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and silicic acid: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + H₄SiO₄Silicic acid
🔥
⟶
FeSiO₃Iron(II) metasilicate + CO₂↑Carbon dioxide + 2H₂OWater

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and metasilicic acid: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + H₂SiO₃Metasilicic acid
⟶
FeSiO₃Iron(II) metasilicate + H₂CO₃Carbonic acid

Reaction with reducing species

The reaction of reducing species and iron(II) carbonate yields a variety of products.

Reaction of hydrogen and iron(II) carbonate ◆ Δ_rG −44.72 kJ/mol K 6.83 × 10⁷ pK −7.83: 3H₂Hydrogen + FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate
⟶
FeIron + 3H₂OWater + CCarbon

Reaction of sodium and iron(II) carbonate ◆ Δ_rG −377.77 kJ/mol K 1.52 × 10⁶⁶ pK −66.18: 2NaSodium + FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate
⟶
Na₂CO₃Sodium carbonate + FeIron

Reaction of sodium and iron(II) carbonate ◆ Δ_rG −459.71 kJ/mol K 3.45 × 10⁸⁰ pK −80.54: 6NaSodium + FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate
⟶
3Na₂OSodium oxide + FeIron + CCarbon

Reaction of hydrogen and iron(II) carbonate ◆ Δ_rG −95.44 kJ/mol K 5.25 × 10¹⁶ pK −16.72: 5H₂Hydrogen + FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate
⟶
FeIron + 3H₂OWater + CH₄Methane

Reaction of hydrogen sulfide and iron(II) carbonate ◆ Δ_rG −44.4 kJ/mol K 6.01 × 10⁷ pK −7.78: 3H₂SHydrogen sulfide + FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate
⟶
2SSulfur + FeSIron(II) sulfide + 3H₂OWater + CCarbon

Reaction with oxidizing species

The reaction of iron(II) carbonate and oxidizing species yields a variety of products.

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and nitric acid ◆ Δ_rG −98.4 kJ/mol K 1.73 × 10¹⁷ pK −17.24: 2FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + 7HNO₃Nitric acid
⟶
2Fe(NO₃)₃Iron(III) nitrate + HNO₂Nitrous acid + 2H₂CO₃Carbonic acid + H₂OWater

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and nitric acid ◆ Δ_rG −35.5 kJ/mol K 1.66 × 10⁶ pK −6.22: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + 4HNO₃Nitric acid
🔥
⟶
Fe(NO₃)₃Iron(III) nitrate + NO₂↑Nitrogen dioxide + H₂CO₃Carbonic acid + H₂OWater

Reaction with oxidizing species under acidic condition

The reaction of iron(II) carbonate, oxidizing species, and hydrogen ion yields a variety of products.

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and nitric acid under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −44.1 kJ/mol K 5.32 × 10⁷ pK −7.73: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + HNO₃Nitric acid + 3H⁺Hydrogen ion
⟶
Fe³⁺Iron(III) ion + NO₂↑Nitrogen dioxide + CO₂↑Carbon dioxide + 2H₂OWater

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and nitric acid under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −185.0 kJ/mol K 2.57 × 10³² pK −32.41: 3FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + HNO₃Nitric acid + 9H⁺Hydrogen ion
⟶
3Fe³⁺Iron(III) ion + NO↑Nitrogen monoxide + 3CO₂↑Carbon dioxide + 5H₂OWater

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and potassium permanganate under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −577.0 kJ/mol K 1.22 × 10¹⁰¹ pK −101.09: 5FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + KMnO₄Potassium permanganate + 18H⁺Hydrogen ion
⟶
5Fe³⁺Iron(III) ion + Mn²⁺Manganese(II) ion + 5CO₂↑Carbon dioxide + 9H₂OWater + K⁺Potassium ion

Reaction of iron(II) carbonate and potassium permanganate under acidic condition ◆ Δ_rG −534.9 kJ/mol K 5.13 × 10⁹³ pK −93.71: 5FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + KMnO₄Potassium permanganate + 18H⁺Hydrogen ion
⟶
5Fe³⁺Iron(III) ion + Mn²⁺Manganese(II) ion + 5H₂CO₃Carbonic acid + 4H₂OWater + K⁺Potassium ion

Reaction with oxidizable species

The reaction of oxidizable species and iron(II) carbonate yields a variety of products.

Reaction of copper and iron(II) carbonate: CuCopper + FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate
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⟶
CuCO₃Copper(II) carbonate + FeIron

Reaction of copper and iron(II) carbonate ◆ Δ_rG 277.6 kJ/mol K 0.23 × 10⁻⁴⁸ pK 48.63: 3CuCopper + FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate
🔥
⟶
3CuOCopper(II) oxide + FeIron + CCarbon

Reaction of potassium iodide and iron(II) carbonate: 2KIPotassium iodide + 3FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate
🔥
⟶
2KIO₃Potassium iodate + 3FeOIron(II) oxide + 3CCarbon

Decomposition

Decomposition of iron(II) carbonate yields iron(II) oxide and carbon dioxide.

Decomposition of iron(II) carbonate: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate
🔥
⟶
FeOIron(II) oxide + CO₂↑Carbon dioxide

Decomposition of iron(II) carbonate ◆ Δ_rG 59.6 kJ/mol K 0.36 × 10⁻¹⁰ pK 10.44: 2FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate
🔥
⟶
Fe₂O₃Iron(III) oxide + CO↑Carbon monoxide + CO₂↑Carbon dioxide

Decomposition of iron(II) carbonate ◆ Δ_rG 58.7 kJ/mol K 0.52 × 10⁻¹⁰ pK 10.28: 3FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate
🔥
⟶
Fe₃O₄Iron(II,III) oxide + CO↑Carbon monoxide + 2CO₂↑Carbon dioxide

Hydrolysis

The reaction of iron(II) carbonate and water yields iron(II) hydroxide and carbonic acid.

Hydrolysis of iron(II) carbonate ◆ Δ_rG 31.3 kJ/mol K 0.33 × 10⁻⁵ pK 5.48: FeCO₃Iron(II) carbonate + 2H₂OWater
⟶
Fe(OH)₂Iron(II) hydroxide + H₂CO₃Carbonic acid

References

List of references

1
James G. Speight (2017)
Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 17th edition
https://www.accessengineeringlibrary.com/content/book/9781259586095
McGraw Hill Education
- Amazon
Citation list
- ^ Density, 3.9 g/cm³ - p.48
- ^ Melting point, - p.48
- ^ Qualitative solubility, Very slightly soluble in water - p.48
- ^ Qualitative solubility, Soluble in acid - p.48
- ^ Solubility in Water (g/100 g), See the table - p.48
2
Janiel J. Reed (1989)
The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI Units
https://doi.org/10.18434/M32124
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Citation list

Δ_rG	−31.3 kJ/mol
K	3.04 × 10⁵
pK	−5.48

Δ_rG	−22.9 kJ/mol
K	1.03 × 10⁴
pK	−4.01

Δ_rG	−88.21 kJ/mol
K	2.84 × 10¹⁵
pK	−15.45

Δ_rG	−82.1 kJ/mol
K	2.42 × 10¹⁴
pK	−14.38

Iron(II) carbonate

Names

List of substance names

Formulae and structures

List of formulae

Properties

List of substance properties

Constituents

Constituent ions

Constituent atoms

Ratio of atoms

Thermodynamic properties

Phase transition properties

Standard thermodynamic properties

Solubility

Qualitative solubility

Solubility in water (g/100 g)[1]

Solubility curve (g/100 g)

Preparations

Reaction of acid and base

Reaction of base and acidic oxide

Reaction of basic oxide and acid

Reaction of basic oxide and acidic oxide

Precipitation reaction

Reaction of active metal and acid

Reaction of active metal, acidic oxide, and water

Chemical reactions

Electrolytic dissociation

Reaction with strong acid

Reaction with strong base

Reaction with nonvolatile acid

Reaction with reducing species

Reaction with oxidizing species

Reaction with oxidizing species under acidic condition

Reaction with oxidizable species

Decomposition

Hydrolysis

References

List of references

Related substances

Acid and acidic oxide

Base and basic oxide

Related categories

Classification by constituent

Type of substance

State of substance

Property of substance

Solubility of substance

Color of substance

Odor of substance

Solubility in water (g/100 g)^[1]