Strontium chloride
Strontium chloride is an inorganic compound with formula SrCl2.
- 1Names
- 2Formulae and structures
- 3Properties
- 4Constituents
- 5Thermodynamic properties
- 6Solubility
- 7Hazards
- 8Preparations
- 9Chemical reactions
- 10References
- 11Related substances
- 12Related categories
Names
List of substance names
- Typical name
- Strontium chloride
- Compositional nomenclature
- Strontium chloride
- Strontium dichloride
Formulae and structures
List of formulae
- Typical formula
- SrCl2
- Compositional formula
- SrCl2
- Structural formula
- Lewis structure
- Colored Lewis structure
Properties
List of substance properties
Constituents
Constituent ions
| Ion | Name | Charge number | Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sr2+ | Strontium ion | 2 | 1 |
| Cl− | Chloride ion | -1 | 2 |
Constituent atoms
| Atom | Name | Oxidation state | Number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sr | Strontium | +2 | 1 |
| Cl | Chlorine | −1 | 2 |
Ratio of atoms
| Atom | Atomic weight | Number | Atomic ratio | Weight ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr | 87.62 | 1 | 33.33% | 55.27% |
| Cl | 35.45 | 2 | 66.67% | 44.73% |
Thermodynamic properties
Phase transition properties
Standard thermodynamic properties
State | Standard enthalpy of formation ΔfH° kJ · mol−1 | Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG° kJ · mol−1 | Standard molar entropy S° J · K−1 · mol−1 | Standard molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp° J · K−1 · mol−1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crystalline solid α | −828.9[3] | −781.1[3] | 114.85[3] | 75.60[3] |
| Gas | −485.8[3] | −496.2[3] | 310.81[3] | 55.77[3] |
| Ionized aqueous solution | −880.10[3] | −821.91[3] | 80.3[3] | – |
| Crystalline solid 1 hydrate | −1136.8[3] | −1036.3[3] | 172.[3] | 120.1[3] |
| Crystalline solid 2 hydrate | −1438.0[3] | −1281.8[3] | 218.[3] | 160.2[3] |
| Crystalline solid 6 hydrate | −2623.8[3] | −2240.92[3] | 390.8[3] | – |
Solubility
Qualitative solubility
Solubility in water (g/100 g)[1]
| 0°C | 10°C | 20°C | 30°C | 40°C | 60°C | 80°C | 100°C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 43.5 | 47.7 | 52.9 | 58.7 | 65.3 | 81.8 | 90.5 | 101 |
Solubility in water (g/100 g)[4]
| -20°C | 0°C | 10°C | 20°C | 25°C | 30°C | 40°C | 50°C | 60°C | 70°C | 80°C | 100°C | 120°C | 140°C | 160°C | 180°C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 35.1 | 43.5 | 47.7 | 52.9 | 55.8 | 58.7 | 65.3 | 72.4 | 81.8 | 85.9 | 90.5 | 100.8 | 112.8 | 125.2 | 141 | 163.1 |
Solubility in methanol (g/100 g, Hexahydrate)[4]
| 6°C |
|---|
| 63.3 |
Solubility in formic acid (g/100 g, 95%)[4]
| 19°C |
|---|
| 23.8 |
Solubility in ethanol (g/100 g, Hexahydrate)[4]
| 6°C |
|---|
| 3.8 |
Solubility in hydrazine (g/100 mL)[4]
| 20°C |
|---|
| 8 |
Solubility curve (g/100 g)
Solubility curve (g/100 mL)
Hazards
GHS label[5]
- Hazard pictograms
- Signal word
- Warning
- Hazard statements
- H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects
Physical hazards[5]
Health hazards[5]
Environmental hazards[5]
Preparations
Reaction of metal and nonmetal
The reaction of and yields strontium chloride.
Reaction of acid and base
The reaction of hydrogen chloride and strontium hydroxide yields strontium chloride and water.
Reaction of basic oxide and acid
The reaction of basic oxide and acid can yield strontium chloride.
Reaction of salt of weak acid and strong acid
The reaction of salt of weak acid and strong acid can yield strontium chloride.
Reaction of salt of weak base and strong base
The reaction of salt of weak base and strong base can yield strontium chloride.
Reaction of active metal and acid
The reaction of and hydrogen chloride yields strontium chloride and .
Chemical reactions
Electrolytic dissociation
Electrolytic dissociation of strontium chloride yields strontium ion and chloride ion.
Reaction with nonvolatile acid
The reaction of strontium chloride and nonvolatile acid yields salt of non volatile acid and hydrogen chloride.
Reaction with reducing species
The reaction of and strontium chloride yields sodium chloride and .
Reaction with oxidizing species
The reaction of strontium chloride and oxidizing species yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizing species under acidic condition
The reaction of strontium chloride, oxidizing species, and hydrogen ion yields a variety of products.
Reaction with oxidizing species under neutral condition
The reaction of strontium chloride, oxidizing species, and water yields a variety of products.
Precipitation reaction
When a certain chemical species is present in aqueous solution, it reacts with strontium chloride to form a precipitate.
Electrolysis of aqueous solution
Electrolysis of aqueous strontium chloride yields a variety of products.
Molten salt electrolysis
Molten salt electrolysis of strontium chloride yields and .
References
List of references
- 1James G. Speight (2017)Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 17th editionMcGraw Hill Education
- 2John R. Rumble Jr, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno (2019)CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 100th EditionCRC Press
- ^ Density, 3.052 g/cm3 - p.4-50
- ^ Melting point, 874 °C - p.4-50
- ^ Boiling point, 1250 °C - p.4-50
- ^ Enthalpy of fusion, 16.22 kJ · mol−1 - p.6-160
- 3Janiel J. Reed (1989)The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties: Selected Values for Inorganic and C1 and C2 Organic Substances in SI UnitsNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
- ^ ΔfH°, -828.9 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -781.1 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 114.85 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 75.60 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -485.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -496.2 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 310.81 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 55.77 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -880.10 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -821.91 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 80.3 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1136.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1036.3 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 172. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 120.1 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -1438.0 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -1281.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 218. J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ Cp°, 160.2 J · K−1 · mol−1
- ^ ΔfH°, -2623.8 kJ · mol−1
- ^ ΔfG°, -2240.92 kJ · mol−1
- ^ S°, 390.8 J · K−1 · mol−1
- 4Atherton Seidell (1919)Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds: A Compilation of Quantitative Solubility Data From the Periodical LiteratureD. Van Nostrand Company
- 5Chemical Management CenterGHS Classification ResultsNational Institute of Technology and Evaluation
